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| Memorial da América Latina | |
|---|---|
| Name | Memorial da América Latina |
| Location | São Paulo, Brazil |
| Architect | Oscar Niemeyer |
| Opened | 1989 |
Memorial da América Latina Memorial da América Latina is a cultural, political and artistic complex in São Paulo conceived during the late 20th century to promote Latin American integration and identity. Commissioned and influenced by Brazilian and international figures, the site has hosted exhibitions, conferences, performances and archives linking institutions across the Americas. The complex functions as a nexus for architects, artists, intellectuals and policymakers from Bogotá to Buenos Aires, Havana to Mexico City.
The initiative traces to leaders and movements across Latin America, including conceptual links to figures such as Getúlio Vargas, Juscelino Kubitschek, Luís Carlos Prestes, João Goulart, Carlos Lacerda, Tancredo Neves, Dom Pedro II, Porfirio Díaz, Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, Bernardo O'Higgins, Antonio José de Sucre, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, José María Morelos, Benito Juárez, Vicente Guerrero, Emiliano Zapata, Francisco I. Madero, José Martí, Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Salvador Allende, Eva Perón, Getulio Vargas (again), Jânio Quadros, Fernando Collor de Mello, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Itamar Franco, Michel Temer, Jair Bolsonaro, Gustavo Petro, Hugo Chávez, Néstor Kirchner, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Mauricio Macri, Sebastián Piñera, Ricardo Lagos, Michelle Bachelet, Alberto Fujimori, Alan García, Óscar Arias Sánchez, Daniel Ortega, Óscar Romero, Rigoberta Menchú, Evo Morales, Luis Alberto de Herrera, Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Carlos Andrés Pérez, Rafael Correa, Lenín Moreno, José Mujica, Tabaré Vázquez, Joaquín Balaguer, Luis Muñoz Marín, Rubén Darío, Pablo Neruda, Octavio Paz, Gabriela Mistral, César Vallejo, Jorge Luis Borges, Mario Vargas Llosa, Isabel Allende, Gabriel García Márquez, Miguel Ángel Asturias, Alejo Carpentier, Juan Rulfo, Carlos Fuentes. (The previous sentence lists personalities representing political and cultural currents that informed the memorial’s founding debates and programming.)
The complex was designed by Oscar Niemeyer, whose modernist vocabulary relates to projects such as Brasília, Palácio da Alvorada, Catetinho, Pampulha Modern Ensemble, Niemeyer Building, Niterói Contemporary Art Museum, Copan Building, Edifício Itália, Monument to the Bandeiras, Praça dos Três Poderes, JK Memorial, Cathedral of Brasília, Congonhas Airport, Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí, Copacabana Palace, Museum of Tomorrow, São Paulo Museum of Art, Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo, Ibirapuera Park, Parque do Ibirapuera Museum, Paulista Avenue, MASP, Estação da Luz, Mercadão, Municipal Theatre of São Paulo, Theatro Municipal of Rio de Janeiro, Praça da Sé, Pátio do Colégio, Casa das Rosas, Casa de Rui Barbosa, Solar da Marquesa de Santos, Museu Afro Brasil, Instituto Tomie Ohtake, Centro Cultural São Paulo, Sesc Pompeia, Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil, Casa das Artes de Laranjeiras, Copan). The site features sweeping concrete curves, open plazas, a large meeting hall and sculptural elements echoing Niemeyer’s work in Brasília and his collaborations with landscape architects associated with Roberto Burle Marx.
Permanent and temporary displays have showcased art, history and social movements connecting capitals such as Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Santiago, Quito, Lima, Bogotá, Caracas, Havana, Mexico City, Guatemala City, San José (Costa Rica), Panama City, San Salvador, Tegucigalpa, Belém, Manaus, Recife, Salvador, Bahia, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Porto Alegre, Florianópolis, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Campinas, Santos, São Paulo, Río de Janeiro, Brasília, Fortaleza, Mérida (Venezuela), Córdoba (Argentina), Valparaíso, Antofagasta, Asunción, Sucre, La Paz. Exhibits include collections by artists and intellectuals such as Tarsila do Amaral, Anita Malfatti, Candido Portinari, Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Clark, Lygia Pape, Cildo Meireles, Beatriz Milhazes, Frida Kahlo, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, Rufino Tamayo, Wifredo Lam, Fernando Botero, Camilo Egas, Oswaldo Goeldi, Bruno Candido da Costa, Vik Muniz, Adriana Varejão, Adélia Prado, Clarice Lispector, Jorge Amado, Graciliano Ramos, Machado de Assis, Ariano Suassuna, Afonso Arinos, Cecília Meireles, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Manuel Bandeira, Mário de Andrade, Guimarães Rosa, Jorge Luis Borges (again), Alejandra Pizarnik, Juan Gelman, Nicanor Parra, Jorge Luis Borges (repeat).
Programming links partner institutions including Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Fundação Getulio Vargas, Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros, Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Fundação Biblioteca Nacional, Biblioteca Nacional de Cuba, Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia, Instituto Cervantes, Casa de las Américas, Instituto Cultural Mexicano, Alliance Française de São Paulo, British Council, Goethe-Institut São Paulo, Instituto Italiano di Cultura, Instituto Camões, Centro Cultural Kirchner, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (Argentina), Museum of Latin American Art, Latin American Council of Social Sciences, Organisation of American States, Pan American Health Organization, Mercosur, UNASUR, CELAC, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Inter-American Development Bank, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNICEF.
The site stages concerts, festivals, film series and conferences featuring performers and ensembles such as Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Gal Costa, Chico Buarque, Tom Jobim, Heitor Villa-Lobos, Milton Nascimento, Mercedes Sosa, Atahualpa Yupanqui, Carlos Gardel, Ástor Piazzolla, Buena Vista Social Club, Omara Portuondo, Sergio Mendes, Los Fabulosos Cadillacs, Mana, Sepultura, Os Paralamas do Sucesso, Titãs, Skank, Los Tigres del Norte, Café Tacvba, Soda Stereo, Los Enanitos Verdes, Maná, Los Prisioneros, La Oreja de Van Gogh, Natalia Lafourcade, Anitta (singer), Karol Conká, Pabllo Vittar, Lulu Santos, Djavan, Rolando Villazón, Plácido Domingo, Juan Diego Flórez, Marta Suplicy, Luiza Helena Trajano, Sônia Braga, Fernanda Montenegro, Wagner Moura, Lázaro Ramos, Fernanda Torres, Antonio Banderas, Gael García Bernal, Diego Luna, Pedro Almodóvar.
Management and ownership involve municipal, state and federal actors as well as cultural foundations and private partners linked to organizations such as Prefeitura de São Paulo, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Ministério da Cultura (Brazil), Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, Fundação Ibere Camargo, Fundação Bienal de São Paulo, Associação Brasileira de Imprensa, Federação das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo, SESC, SENAC, Fundação Roberto Marinho, Fundação Padre Anchieta, Fundação Getulio Vargas (again), Banco do Brasil Cultural Center, Caixa Econômica Federal, Itaú Cultural, Bradesco Foundation, Fundação Vitae, Embraer, Petrobras.
The venue is situated in the western zone of São Paulo near transport links including Paulista Avenue, Avenida Sumaré, Marginal Tietê, Avenida 23 de Maio, Avenida Brasil (São Paulo), Rodovia Anhanguera, Rodovia dos Bandeirantes, Barra Funda Station, Luz Station, Jabaquara Station, Tietê Bus Terminal, Guarulhos International Airport, Congonhas–Deputado Freitas Nobre Airport, Terminal Rodoviário do Tietê, Villa-Lobos–Jockey Club (CPTM) and cultural destinations such as Museu da Imagem e do Som, Museu de Arte Contemporânea da USP, Instituto Tomie Ohtake (again), Japan House São Paulo, Rua Augusta, Beco do Batman, Mercado Municipal de São Paulo, Municipal Market of São Paulo (Mercadão), Ibirapuera Park (again). Ticketing, opening hours and accessibility services are coordinated with Prefeitura de São Paulo and partner cultural agencies; visitors often combine visits with nearby museums, music venues and universities.
Category:Cultural centres in Brazil