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Pope Francis

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Pope Francis
NamePope Francis
CaptionPope Francis in 2023
ChurchCatholic Church
Term start13 March 2013
PredecessorBenedict XVI
Ordination13 December 1969
Ordinated byRamón José Castellano
Consecration27 June 1992
Consecrated byAntonio Quarracino
Cardinalate21 February 2001
Created cardinal byJohn Paul II
Birth nameJorge Mario Bergoglio
Birth date17 December 1936
Birth placeBuenos Aires, Argentina
ReligionCatholic
MottoMiserando atque eligendo (Lowly but chosen)

Pope Francis is the 266th and current Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church. Elected in the 2013 papal conclave, he is the first pope from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first member of the Society of Jesus to hold the office. His papacy has been noted for its emphasis on mercy, concern for the poor and marginalized, and commitment to ecumenism and interreligious dialogue.

Early life and education

Jorge Mario Bergoglio was born in the Flores neighborhood of Buenos Aires to Italian immigrant parents from the Piedmont region. After completing his secondary education at the Escuela Industrial, he worked briefly as a chemical technician and in a laboratory. He felt a call to the priesthood following a profound experience on September 21 and entered the Diocesan Seminary of San Miguel. He later joined the Society of Jesus in 1958, undertaking studies in the humanities in Chile before returning to Argentina. He was ordained to the priesthood on 13 December 1969 by Ramón José Castellano.

Ecclesiastical career

He served as Novice Master and professor at the Colegio Máximo de San José in San Miguel. In 1973, he was appointed Provincial of the Jesuits in Argentina, a role he held for six years. After further studies in Germany, he served as Rector of his alma mater and later as a spiritual director in Córdoba. He was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Buenos Aires in 1992 by Pope John Paul II and was consecrated by Antonio Quarracino. He became Archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998 and was created a Cardinal in 2001, receiving the titular church of San Roberto Bellarmino.

Papacy

His election followed the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI and occurred on the fifth ballot of the 2013 papal conclave. He chose the name Francis in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi. Significant acts of his pontificate include the institution of the Council of Cardinals to advise on Curia reform, the promulgation of the apostolic exhortation Evangelii Gaudium, and the publication of the encyclicals Laudato si'' on care for creation and Fratelli tutti on fraternity. He has convened important gatherings such as the Synod of Bishops for the Pan-Amazon region and the Synod on Synodality. His reforms of the Roman Curia are codified in the apostolic constitution Praedicate evangelium''.

Theology and social views

His teachings emphasize a pastoral approach, often articulated through major documents and homilies. He has been a vocal advocate for refugees and migrants, criticizing the globalization of indifference. On ecology, Laudato si'' calls for integral environmental protection. He has upheld traditional Catholic moral theology on matters like abortion and euthanasia while promoting a merciful application of discipline, as seen in Amoris laetitia'' regarding divorced and remarried Catholics. He has also addressed economic inequality, critiquing unfettered capitalism and what he terms the throwaway culture.

Relations with other churches and religions

He has pursued closer ties with Eastern Orthodox Churches, notably meeting with Patriarch Kirill of Moscow in Havana in 2016. He maintains a strong relationship with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. In interfaith dialogue, he has fostered warmer relations with Judaism, visiting the Great Synagogue of Rome and the Auschwitz concentration camp. He signed the Document on Human Fraternity with Grand Imam of al-Azhar Ahmed el-Tayeb in Abu Dhabi and has engaged with leaders from Buddhism, Hinduism, and other faiths.

Health and travel

He has experienced several health challenges, including part of a lung being removed in his youth due to infection, and sciatica which has limited his mobility. In 2021 and 2023, he underwent surgery for diverticulitis at the Policlinico Gemelli. Despite this, he maintains an extensive travel schedule, having visited over 60 countries across six continents. Notable journeys include trips to the United States, where he addressed the United States Congress and the United Nations General Assembly, South Korea, the Philippines, Iraq, Canada, and Mongolia.

Category:Popes Category:Argentine cardinals Category:Jesuit popes