Paris Agreements

Paris Agreements. The Paris Agreements is an international treaty on climate change signed by nearly 200 countries, including China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa, with the aim of mitigating global warming and its associated sea level rise, extreme weather events, and other impacts. The agreement was negotiated during the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris, France, under the leadership of Laurent Fabius, François Hollande, and Ban Ki-moon. The Paris Agreements builds on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, with the participation of International Energy Agency, World Meteorological Organization, and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Introduction

The Paris Agreements is a landmark agreement that brings together almost all countries, including European Union, China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa, to address the global challenge of climate change. The agreement recognizes the importance of sustainable development, poverty eradication, and human rights, as emphasized by Pope Francis, Angela Merkel, and Barack Obama. The Paris Agreements also acknowledges the role of civil society, private sector, and international organizations, such as World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization, in supporting the implementation of the agreement. The agreement is supported by United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Environment Programme, and Food and Agriculture Organization.

History

The Paris Agreements was the result of years of negotiations, starting from the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 2009, where Hopenhagen was launched, and continuing through the Cancun Agreements in 2010, the Durban Platform in 2011, and the Warsaw International Mechanism in 2013. The negotiations were led by Christian Figueres, Laurent Fabius, and Xie Zhenhua, with the support of European Commission, United States Department of State, and Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The agreement was adopted on December 12, 2015, at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris, France, with the participation of Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, and Justin Trudeau. The agreement entered into force on November 4, 2016, after being ratified by more than 55 countries, including China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa.

Provisions

The Paris Agreements sets out a number of key provisions, including the goal of limiting global warming to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, as recommended by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and supported by World Health Organization, International Labour Organization, and United Nations Children's Fund. The agreement also establishes a global goal for greenhouse gas emissions reduction, with each country submitting its own nationally determined contribution to reduce emissions, as encouraged by G20, G7, and BRICS. The agreement also provides for the mobilization of climate finance to support developing countries, including Africa, Asia, and Latin America, with the participation of World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and Asian Development Bank. The agreement is supported by European Investment Bank, African Development Bank, and Inter-American Development Bank.

Signatories

The Paris Agreements has been signed by nearly 200 countries, including China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa. The agreement has also been ratified by more than 180 countries, including European Union, China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa. The signatories to the agreement include developed countries, such as United States, Japan, and Germany, as well as developing countries, such as China, India, and Brazil, with the support of United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Environment Programme, and Food and Agriculture Organization.

Implementation

The implementation of the Paris Agreements is supported by a number of international organizations, including United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, International Energy Agency, and World Meteorological Organization. The agreement also establishes a number of mechanisms to support implementation, including the Global Stocktake, which will assess progress towards the agreement's goals every five years, as recommended by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and supported by World Health Organization, International Labour Organization, and United Nations Children's Fund. The agreement also provides for the mobilization of climate finance to support developing countries, including Africa, Asia, and Latin America, with the participation of World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and Asian Development Bank. The agreement is supported by European Investment Bank, African Development Bank, and Inter-American Development Bank.

Impact

The Paris Agreements has been widely recognized as a major achievement in the global effort to address climate change. The agreement has been praised by world leaders, including Pope Francis, Angela Merkel, and Barack Obama, as well as by civil society organizations, such as Greenpeace, World Wildlife Fund, and Oxfam. The agreement has also been recognized as an important step towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, including Goal 13 on climate action, as supported by United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Environment Programme, and Food and Agriculture Organization. The agreement has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change, including sea level rise, extreme weather events, and other impacts, with the participation of International Energy Agency, World Meteorological Organization, and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Category:International agreements