Operation Inherent Resolve
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| Operation Inherent Resolve | |
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| Conflict | Operation Inherent Resolve |
| Part of | War on Terror, Iraq War (2013-2017), Syrian Civil War |
| Caption | United States Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcons preparing for a mission in support of Operation Inherent Resolve |
| Date | June 15, 2014 – present |
| Place | Iraq, Syria |
| Result | Ongoing |
Operation Inherent Resolve is a United States-led military intervention against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also known as ISIS or Daesh, in Iraq and Syria. The operation involves a coalition of countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Jordan, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and others, and is supported by Kurdistan Regional Government and Iraqi Kurdistan. The operation aims to degrade and ultimately defeat ISIS, which has been responsible for numerous terrorist attacks and human rights abuses in the region, including the Genocide of Yazidis and Persecution of Christians.
● Background
The background to Operation Inherent Resolve lies in the Iraq War (2003-2011) and the subsequent Iraqi insurgency (2011-2013), which created a power vacuum that allowed ISIS to emerge and expand its territory. The Syrian Civil War also played a significant role, as ISIS was able to take advantage of the chaos and instability in Syria to establish a foothold in the country. The United States and its allies, including United Kingdom, France, and Australia, had been involved in the region for some time, providing support to the Iraqi government and the Syrian opposition, including the Free Syrian Army and the Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG). However, the rapid advance of ISIS in June 2014, which included the capture of Mosul and the declaration of a Caliphate, prompted a more significant and coordinated response, including the involvement of NATO and the European Union.
● Objectives and Strategy
The objectives of Operation Inherent Resolve are to defeat ISIS and prevent it from establishing a Caliphate in Iraq and Syria. The strategy involves a combination of air strikes, training and advising of local forces, and humanitarian assistance. The operation is led by the United States Central Command (CENTCOM), with General Lloyd Austin and General Joseph Votel playing key roles in the planning and execution of the operation. The coalition has also worked closely with Iraqi Security Forces (ISF), including the Iraqi Army and the Iraqi Air Force, as well as with Kurdish forces, including the Peshmerga and the YPG. The operation has received support from United Nations, Arab League, and Gulf Cooperation Council.
● Military Operations
The military operations of Operation Inherent Resolve have involved a range of activities, including air strikes against ISIS targets, training and advising of local forces, and humanitarian assistance to affected populations. The coalition has conducted thousands of air strikes against ISIS targets, including oil facilities, command centers, and troop concentrations. The operation has also involved the deployment of special operations forces (SOF), including United States Navy SEALs and United States Army Rangers, to conduct raids and reconnaissance missions. The coalition has worked closely with Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) and Kurdish forces to conduct ground operations against ISIS, including the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017) and the Battle of Raqqa (2017). The operation has received support from Royal Air Force, French Air Force, and Australian Defence Force.
● International Contributions
The international contributions to Operation Inherent Resolve have been significant, with many countries providing military personnel, equipment, and financial support. The coalition has included countries from Europe, North America, Australia, and the Middle East, including Canada, Germany, Italy, Jordan, and United Arab Emirates. The operation has also received support from international organizations, including the United Nations and the European Union. The Kurdistan Regional Government and the Iraqi government have also played important roles in the operation, providing troops and logistical support. The operation has received support from Turkish Armed Forces, Qatari Armed Forces, and Bahrain Defence Force.
● Impact and Aftermath
The impact and aftermath of Operation Inherent Resolve have been significant, with the operation having contributed to the defeat of ISIS in Iraq and Syria. The operation has also had a significant humanitarian impact, with the coalition providing humanitarian assistance to affected populations, including food, shelter, and medical care. However, the operation has also been criticized for its civilian casualties and human rights abuses, including the use of white phosphorus and the targeting of civilians. The operation has received support from Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and the International Committee of the Red Cross. The operation has also had a significant impact on the regional politics, including the Turkish-Syrian relations and the Iran-Saudi Arabia proxy conflict.
● Timeline of Major Events
The timeline of major events in Operation Inherent Resolve includes the June 2014 capture of Mosul by ISIS, the August 2014 launch of air strikes by the United States, and the September 2014 expansion of the operation to include Syria. The operation has also involved significant events, including the Battle of Kobanî (2014), the Battle of Tikrit (2015), and the Battle of Fallujah (2016). The operation has received support from Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Emmanuel Macron. The operation has also involved the death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of ISIS, in a raid conducted by United States Delta Force in October 2019. The operation has received support from Angela Merkel, Theresa May, and Justin Trudeau. Category:Military operations