Justice and Development Party

Justice and Development Party is a Turkish political party founded by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Abdullah Gül in 2001, with roots in the Welfare Party and Virtue Party. The party has been led by prominent figures such as Binali Yıldırım and Davutoğlu, and has been influenced by the ideologies of Necmettin Erbakan and Turgut Özal. The party's rise to power has been marked by significant events, including the 2002 Turkish general election and the 2013 Gezi Park protests, which involved Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Turkish Council of State.

● History

The party's history is closely tied to the Turkish general election, 2002, in which it won a majority of seats in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, with the support of Nationalist Movement Party and Democratic Left Party. The party's founding was also influenced by the 1997 Turkish military memorandum, which led to the resignation of Necmettin Erbakan as Prime Minister of Turkey. Key figures such as Abdullah Gül and Bülent Arınç played important roles in shaping the party's early years, which were marked by significant events like the 2007 Turkish presidential election and the 2011 Turkish general election, involving Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey and Constitutional Court of Turkey. The party has also been involved in international organizations, such as the European People's Party and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and has participated in events like the Davos Summit and the G20 summit.

● Ideology

The party's ideology is rooted in conservative democracy and economic liberalism, with influences from Islamism and Turkish nationalism, as seen in the ideas of Ziya Gökalp and İsmet İnönü. The party has been compared to other centre-right parties in Europe, such as the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and the Republican Party (United States) in terms of its stance on issues like European integration and NATO membership. The party's ideology has been shaped by the thoughts of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and other prominent figures, including Ali Bulaç and Rasim Özdenören, and has been influenced by events like the Arab Spring and the Syrian Civil War, which involved United Nations Security Council and Arab League. The party has also been involved in regional organizations, such as the Economic Cooperation Organization and the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, and has participated in international events like the World Economic Forum and the United Nations General Assembly.

● Organization

The party's organization is characterized by a strong central leadership, with Recep Tayyip Erdoğan playing a dominant role, and a network of local branches and municipalities, including Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Ankara Metropolitan Municipality. The party has a strong presence in Turkish parliament, with members such as Mehmet Şimşek and Nihat Zeybekci, and has been involved in various parliamentary groups, including the European People's Party group and the NATO Parliamentary Assembly. The party's organization has been influenced by the Turkish Constitution and the Political Parties Law, and has been shaped by events like the 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum and the 2018 Turkish presidential election, which involved Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey and Constitutional Court of Turkey. The party has also been involved in international organizations, such as the International Democratic Union and the Centrist Democrat International, and has participated in events like the G7 summit and the BRICS summit.

● Electoral Performance

The party has performed well in Turkish elections, winning a majority of seats in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in the 2002 Turkish general election, 2007 Turkish general election, and 2011 Turkish general election, with the support of Nationalist Movement Party and Democratic Left Party. The party has also won several municipal elections, including the 2014 Turkish local elections and the 2019 Turkish local elections, which involved Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Ankara Metropolitan Municipality. The party's electoral performance has been influenced by the Turkish electoral system and the Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey, and has been shaped by events like the 2015 Turkish general election and the 2018 Turkish parliamentary election, which involved Justice and Equality Party and Good Party. The party has also been involved in international organizations, such as the European Parliament and the Council of Europe, and has participated in events like the European Council and the NATO summit.

● Controversies

The party has been involved in several controversies, including the 2013 Gezi Park protests, which led to widespread human rights concerns and criticism from organizations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, as well as the European Union and the United States Department of State. The party has also been criticized for its handling of issues like press freedom and judicial independence, with organizations such as Reporters Without Borders and the European Court of Human Rights expressing concerns, and has been involved in events like the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt and the 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum, which involved Turkish Armed Forces and National Intelligence Organization (Turkey). The party has also been involved in regional conflicts, such as the Syrian Civil War and the Kurdish–Turkish conflict, which involved United Nations Security Council and Arab League. The party has also been involved in international organizations, such as the United Nations and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and has participated in events like the G20 summit and the World Economic Forum.

● International Relations

The party has played a significant role in shaping Turkey's foreign policy, with a focus on regional leadership and global governance, as seen in the country's involvement in organizations like the G20 and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. The party has also been involved in several international conflicts, including the Syrian Civil War and the Libyan Civil War, which involved United Nations Security Council and Arab League. The party's international relations have been influenced by the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Turkish Armed Forces, and have been shaped by events like the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt and the 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis, which involved United States Department of State and European Union. The party has also been involved in regional organizations, such as the Economic Cooperation Organization and the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, and has participated in international events like the Davos Summit and the World Economic Forum. The party has also been involved in international organizations, such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and has participated in events like the G7 summit and the BRICS summit.

Category:Political parties in Turkey