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Big Island

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Article Genealogy
Parent: Hawaii Hop 3
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Big Island
NameBig Island
LocationHawaii, United States
Coordinates19°34′N 155°30′W
Area4,028 sq mi
Population200,629

Big Island, also known as the Island of Hawaii, is the largest island in the Hawaiian Islands chain, with a diverse landscape that includes Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Kilauea. The island is home to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and features Haleakala National Park-like landscapes. The Big Island is separated from the Island of Maui by the Alenuihaha Channel and from the Island of Oahu by the Kaiwi Channel. The island's unique geography is also influenced by the Pacific Plate and the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain.

Geography

The Big Island's geography is characterized by its volcanic origin, with Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa being two of the tallest mountains in the world when measured from their base on the ocean floor. The island is also home to Hilo Bay, Kailua-Kona, and Punalu'u Black Sand Beach, which are popular destinations for tourism and recreation. The Big Island's geography is also influenced by the Kohala Mountains and the Hamakua Coast, which are known for their waterfalls and rainforests. The island's unique geography is also home to Waipio Valley, which is a valley surrounded by cliffs and waterfalls, and is accessible only by hiking or four-wheel drive.

Climate

The Big Island's climate is characterized by its tropical location and trade winds, which bring rainfall and clouds to the eastern side of the island. The island's climate is also influenced by its elevation, with Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa being above the tree line and experiencing alpine conditions. The Big Island's climate is also home to Kohala, which is a semi-arid region with limited rainfall. The island's unique climate is also influenced by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which affect the weather patterns and climate trends in the region. The Big Island is also susceptible to hurricanes, such as Hurricane Iniki, which affected the Island of Kauai and the Island of Oahu.

History

The Big Island has a rich and diverse history, with evidence of Polynesian settlement dating back to around 1000 AD. The island was later unified under the rule of Kamehameha I, who established the Kingdom of Hawaii and brought Christianity to the islands. The Big Island was also an important location for the sugar industry, with plantations such as Hilo Sugar Company and Kohala Sugar Company operating on the island. The island's history is also marked by the Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, which led to the establishment of the Republic of Hawaii and eventually the State of Hawaii. The Big Island is also home to the Pu'uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park, which is a National Park Service site and preserves the history and culture of the island.

Economy

The Big Island's economy is diverse and includes agriculture, tourism, and renewable energy. The island is home to Macadamia nut farms, coffee plantations, and orchards, which produce a variety of fruits and vegetables. The Big Island is also an important location for astronomy, with Mauna Kea Observatory and Subaru Telescope being two of the most advanced telescopes in the world. The island's economy is also influenced by the military, with Pohakuloa Training Area being a major training facility for the US Army. The Big Island is also home to the University of Hawaii at Hilo, which is a major research institution and provides education and job training to the local community.

Tourism

The Big Island is a popular destination for tourism, with attractions such as Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Mauna Kea, and Akaka Falls State Park. The island is also home to Kailua-Kona, which is a major resort town and features hotels, restaurants, and shops. The Big Island is also an important location for ecotourism, with snorkeling, scuba diving, and hiking being popular activities. The island's unique landscapes and wildlife make it an attractive destination for nature lovers and adventure seekers. The Big Island is also home to the Merrie Monarch Festival, which is a major cultural event and celebrates the island's music, dance, and art.

Demographics

The Big Island has a diverse population, with a mix of Native Hawaiians, Caucasians, Asians, and Latin Americans. The island's population is concentrated in Hilo and Kailua-Kona, which are the two largest cities on the island. The Big Island is also home to a number of rural communities, such as Pahoa and Naalehu, which are known for their agriculture and fishing industries. The island's demographics are also influenced by the University of Hawaii at Hilo, which attracts students and faculty from around the world. The Big Island is also an important location for healthcare, with Hilo Medical Center and Kona Community Hospital providing medical services to the local community. Category:Islands of Hawaii