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| Presidency of Sebastián Piñera | |
|---|---|
| Name | Sebastián Piñera Presidency |
| Officeholder | Sebastián Piñera |
| Party | National Renewal |
| Term start | 2010, 2018 |
| Term end | 2014, 2022 |
| Predecessor | Michelle Bachelet |
| Successor | Michelle Bachelet, Gabriel Boric |
Presidency of Sebastián Piñera
Sebastián Piñera served two nonconsecutive presidential terms of Chile, leading administrations that intersected with major events such as the 2010 Chile earthquake, the 2019–2020 Chilean protests, and the COVID-19 pandemic; his tenures involved policy initiatives affecting Pension Fund Administrators (AFP), Comisión para el Mercado Financiero, and energy projects like Pumped-storage hydroelectricity proposals. Piñera's leadership engaged with figures and institutions including Michelle Bachelet, Gabriel Boric, Michelle Bachelet, Andrés Allamand, Heraldo Muñoz, and international actors such as Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Jair Bolsonaro.
Piñera won the 2009–2010 presidential election against Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle and Joaquín Lavín after a runoff with José Miguel Insulza-era political realignments involving René Cortázar, Marcel Claude, and the coalition Coalition for Change. His 2010 inauguration succeeded the second term of Michelle Bachelet and followed the national emergency declared after the 2010 Chile earthquake; the transition interacted with institutions such as the Onemi and the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros. In 2017–2018 Piñera returned after defeating Alejandro Guillier with coalition support from Evópoli, Unión Demócrata Independiente, and figures like Larraín Vial and Andrés Chadwick, leading to a 2018 inauguration attended by diplomats from Argentina, Peru, Bolivia, and representatives of United Nations missions.
Piñera pursued market-oriented reforms involving Ministerio de Hacienda (Chile), pensions overseen by AFP, and tax measures debated in the Congreso Nacional de Chile. His cabinets included ministers such as Felipe Larraín, Rodrigo Hinzpeter, Carmen Fernández, and Paula Narváez-era interlocutors; policies affected corporations like Codelco, ENAP, Arauco, and SQM. Infrastructure projects connected to Autopista Central, Metro de Santiago, and the Ruta del Maipo intersected with financiers like Banco de Chile and Banco Santander Chile while regulatory shifts engaged the Comisión Nacional de Energía, Superintendencia de Electricidad y Combustibles, and investment by China National Offshore Oil Corporation and Anglo American. Labor and social policy debates referenced Central Unitaria de Trabajadores, Confederación de la Producción y del Comercio, Caja de Compensación, and the Corte Suprema de Chile in disputes over wages, collective bargaining, and judicial rulings.
The October 2019 protests began over fare hikes on the Santiago Metro and escalated into nationwide demonstrations involving groups such as Movimiento No+AFP, ACHS, and youth movements inspired by events in Valparaíso and Concepción. Security responses mobilized the Carabineros de Chile and the Policía de Investigaciones, while emergency powers invoked provisions of the Constitución Política de la República de Chile triggered scrutiny from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the International Criminal Court-related advocates. High-profile incidents at Plaza Baquedano and clashes near La Moneda spurred investigations by the Ministerio Público, activism by Fundación Chile 21, interventions by Pablo Longueira-aligned sectors, and subsequent negotiations that led to the 2020 plebiscite for a new constitution with participation from leaders like Joaquín Lavín, Beatriz Sánchez, and Camila Vallejo.
Piñera's foreign policy engaged with multilateral forums including the United Nations General Assembly, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meetings, and bilateral summits with leaders such as Barack Obama, Donald Trump, Angela Merkel, Emmanuel Macron, and Xi Jinping. Chile pursued trade agreements with entities like the European Union, Trans-Pacific Partnership proponents, and bilateral accords with China, United States, Japan, and South Korea while participating in regional bodies such as the Organization of American States and the Pacific Alliance alongside Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Geopolitical interactions involved maritime boundary issues with Peru and Bolivia and cooperation on Antarctic affairs through the Antarctic Treaty System and scientific links with institutions like Universidad de Chile and the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
Piñera faced scrutiny tied to business holdings including family interests in LAN Airlines, Cencosud, and investments linked to SQM and transactions involving Exalmar and Amazonas. Allegations prompted probes by the Ministerio Público and ethics reviews in the Cámara de Diputados de Chile, while inquiries referenced laws such as the Código Penal de Chile and statutes administered by the Fiscalía Nacional Económica. Impeachment attempts were filed in the Senado de Chile and debated with participation from legislators like Karol Cariola, Ignacio Walker, Javiera Parada, and Giorgio Jackson; judicial processes involved judges from the Corte de Apelaciones and appeals to the Corte Suprema.
The pandemic response coordinated the Ministerio de Salud (Chile), health ministers including Jaime Mañalich and Enrique Paris, and institutions such as Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile and Fondo Nacional de Salud (FONASA). Measures included border controls at Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport, quarantine orders enforced in regions like Metropolitana de Santiago and Valparaíso Region, vaccination campaigns using doses procured through mechanisms like COVAX and bilateral deals involving Sinovac, Pfizer–BioNTech, and logistical support from Aduanas de Chile and the ChileCompra procurement system. Pandemic outcomes intersected with public universities including Universidad de Santiago de Chile, research centers such as Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile vaccinology groups, and regional health networks like Servicio de Salud Metropolitano.
Piñera's presidencies affected constitutional reform processes culminating in the 2020 plebiscite and the subsequent constitutional convention where figures like Beatriz Sánchez, Jorge Sharp, and Fernando Atria were prominent; institutional repercussions touched the Corte Suprema de Chile, the Contraloría General de la República, and legislative dynamics in the Cámara de Diputados de Chile and Senado de Chile. Political realignment involved parties such as Renovación Nacional, Unión Demócrata Independiente, Frente Amplio, and Partido Socialista de Chile, influencing the rise of leaders like Gabriel Boric and debates on social policy, resource management at Codelco, and regulatory reform at entities including the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros and the Comisión para el Mercado Financiero. Internationally, Piñera's tenure shaped Chile's position in trade networks with China, United States, European Union, and regional cooperation in the Pacific Alliance.
Category:Presidencies of Chile