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Madison County, New York

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Article Genealogy
Parent: Interstate 90 (New York) Hop 3
Expansion Funnel Raw 87 → Dedup 39 → NER 27 → Enqueued 24
1. Extracted87
2. After dedup39 (None)
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Rejected: 12 (not NE: 12)
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Madison County, New York
CountyMadison County
StateNew York
Founded1806
SeatWampsville
Largest cityOneida
Area total sq mi662
Area land sq mi655
Area water sq mi7.1
Population as of2020
Population total68,016
Population density sq mi104
Time zoneEastern
Named forJames Madison
Ex image capMadison County Courthouse in Wampsville

Madison County, New York is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of New York. It was formed from Chenango County in 1806 and named for James Madison, the fourth President of the United States. The county seat is the village of Wampsville, while its most populous city is Oneida.

History

The region was historically part of the territory of the Iroquois Confederacy, specifically the Oneida Nation, one of the Six Nations. Following the American Revolutionary War, much of the land was acquired by the state through treaties like the Treaty of Fort Stanwix and opened for settlement, leading to conflicts such as the Clinton's Purchase. Early settlers included veterans of the Continental Army and migrants from New England. The Erie Canal, completed in 1825, spurred economic development, though the county's southern section was more directly impacted than its northern towns. The 19th century also saw the establishment of the Oneida Community, a prominent utopian socialist experiment, in the town of Sherrill. During the American Civil War, the county contributed troops to the Union Army, including regiments like the 157th New York Volunteer Infantry.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 662 square miles, of which 655 square miles is land and 7.1 square miles is water. It is situated in the Finger Lakes region, bordered by Onondaga County to the north, Oneida County to the east, Otsego County to the south, and Cortland County and Chenango County to the west. Major waterways include the Oneida Creek, the Chittenango Creek, and the Chenango River, with Cazenovia Lake being a notable natural feature. The Appalachian Plateau characterizes its topography, and a portion of the Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor passes through the county.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 68,016. The racial makeup was predominantly non-Hispanic white, with smaller populations of African Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans. The population density was about 104 people per square mile. The largest ancestry groups reported include Irish, English, German, and Italian. The county contains part of the Oneida Indian Nation reservation. Major population centers include the cities of Oneida and the villages of Chittenango and Canastota.

Government and politics

Madison County operates under a Board of Supervisors legislative model, with representatives from each town and city. The county is part of New York's 22nd congressional district and is represented in the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly. Historically, the county was a Republican stronghold, but recent statewide elections have shown more competitive trends. The Madison County Sheriff's Department provides law enforcement, and the Madison County Courthouse in Wampsville houses the New York State Unified Court System. The county is also part of the Syracuse media market.

Economy

The economy has historically been based on agriculture, particularly dairy farming and corn production. Manufacturing grew significantly in the 20th century, with companies like Oneida Limited, the famous silverware manufacturer, headquartered in the city of Oneida. Other important sectors include health care, with institutions like Oneida Health Hospital, education, and retail trade. The Turning Stone Resort Casino, operated by the Oneida Indian Nation in neighboring Oneida County, is a major regional employer for county residents. Tourism is bolstered by attractions such as the Chittenango Landing Canal Boat Museum and events like the International Boxing Hall of Fame induction ceremonies in Canastota.

Education

Primary and secondary education is provided by several public school districts, including the Oneida City School District, Chittenango Central School District, and Madison Central School District. Higher education institutions within the county include Cazenovia College, a private liberal arts college, and Morrisville State College, part of the State University of New York system. The county is also served by the Mid-York Library System, with branches such as the Oneida Public Library. Vocational training is offered through the Madison-Oneida BOCES.

Communities

The county contains two cities: Oneida and the smaller Sherrill. There are numerous towns, including the populous Lenox, Sullivan, and Cazenovia. Incorporated villages include the county seat of Wampsville, as well as Canastota, Chittenango, Hamilton, and Morrisville. There are also many unincorporated hamlets and census-designated places, such as Lakeport and Munnsville. The Oneida Indian Nation maintains a sovereign territory within the county's bounds.

Category:Madison County, New York Category:1806 establishments in New York (state) Category:Counties in New York (state)