City of San Francisco
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| City of San Francisco | |
|---|---|
| Name | City of San Francisco |
| Settlement type | Consolidated city-county |
| Nickname | The City by the Bay, SF, Frisco, The Golden Gate City |
| Motto | "Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra" , (Spanish for "Gold in Peace, Iron in War") |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision name | United States |
| Subdivision type1 | State |
| Subdivision name1 | California |
| Subdivision type2 | County |
| Subdivision name2 | San Francisco |
| Established title | Founded |
| Established date | June 29, 1776 |
| Established title1 | Incorporated |
| Established date1 | April 15, 1850 |
| Government type | Mayor–council |
| Leader title | Mayor |
| Leader name | London Breed |
| Leader title1 | Board of Supervisors |
| Leader name1 | Aaron Peskin (President) |
| Unit pref | Imperial |
| Area total sq mi | 231.89 |
| Area land sq mi | 46.87 |
| Area water sq mi | 185.02 |
| Elevation ft | 52 |
| Population total | 873,965 |
| Population as of | 2020 |
| Population density sq mi | 18,629 |
| Population metro | 9,714,023 |
| Population density metro sq mi | 1,115 |
| Timezone | PST |
| Utc offset | −8 |
| Timezone DST | PDT |
| Utc offset DST | −7 |
| Postal code type | ZIP Codes |
| Postal code | 941xx |
| Area code | 415/628 |
| Blank name | FIPS code |
| Blank info | 06-67000 |
| Blank1 name | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 info | 277593 |
| Website | sf.gov |
City of San Francisco. It is a cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California, located on a peninsula between the San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The city is known for its steep rolling hills, eclectic architecture, and landmarks including the Golden Gate Bridge, cable cars, and Chinatown. As a focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area, it has played a major role in events like the California Gold Rush and the Summer of Love.
History
The earliest archaeological evidence of human habitation dates to 3000 BCE by the Ohlone people. The first European sighting was by the Spanish expedition of Gaspar de Portolá in 1769, with the Presidio of San Francisco and Mission San Francisco de Asís founded in 1776 by Juan Bautista de Anza and Francisco Palóu. Following the Mexican War of Independence, the area became part of Alta California. The 1848 California Gold Rush transformed the small settlement into a booming port city, attracting fortune-seekers from around the world, including a significant influx from China. The city was devastated by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and subsequent fires but was rapidly rebuilt. It later became a hub for the Beat Generation in the 1950s, the counterculture of the 1960s, and the LGBT rights movement, epitomized by events like the Compton's Cafeteria riot and the activism of Harvey Milk.
Geography and climate
The city is located on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Major features include Twin Peaks, Mount Davidson, and the artificial Treasure Island. Its coastline includes landmarks like Lands End and Baker Beach. The city's climate is characterized by cool, wet winters and dry, foggy summers, heavily influenced by the cold California Current and the marine layer, often creating microclimates between neighborhoods. This unique weather pattern is famously described by Mark Twain and studied by institutions like the United States Geological Survey.
Demographics
According to the 2020 United States Census, the population is approximately 873,965, making it the fourth-most populous city in California. The racial and ethnic composition is diverse, with significant populations of Asian, White, Hispanic or Latino, and African American residents. Neighborhoods like the Mission District and Sunset District reflect this diversity. The city has a high concentration of residents with bachelor's degrees or higher, and it is a center for the LGBT community, with the Castro District being a historic gay village.
Economy
A leading global hub for finance, technology, and tourism, the city is home to the Federal Reserve Bank's Twelfth District and the corporate headquarters of companies like Salesforce, Uber, and Airbnb. The adjacent Silicon Valley drives its tech sector, with venture capital firms such as Kleiner Perkins and Sequoia Capital based nearby. Tourism is bolstered by attractions like Fisherman's Wharf, Alcatraz Island, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Major annual events include the San Francisco Pride parade and the Outside Lands Music and Arts Festival.
Culture and contemporary life
The city is renowned for its vibrant arts scene, with institutions like the San Francisco Symphony, San Francisco Ballet, and the American Conservatory Theater. Its culinary landscape is influential, featuring sourdough bread, Dungeness crab, and a multitude of Michelin-starred restaurants. Iconic neighborhoods include North Beach, known for its Italian-American heritage and ties to the Beat Generation, and Haight-Ashbury, the epicenter of 1960s hippie culture. The city hosts major events like the San Francisco International Film Festival and the Folsom Street Fair.
Government and politics
The city is a consolidated city-county, with government led by a mayor and an 11-member Board of Supervisors. The current mayor is London Breed, and the board president is Aaron Peskin. It operates under a charter approved by the California State Legislature. Politically, it is a stronghold of the Democratic Party, with progressive policies on issues like environmental regulation, healthcare, and housing. The city is part of California's 11th congressional district, represented in the U.S. House by Nancy Pelosi.
Infrastructure
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