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Broome County, New York

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Parent: Endicott, New York Hop 4
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Broome County, New York
CountyBroome County
StateNew York
Founded1806
SeatBinghamton
Largest cityBinghamton
Area total sq mi715.19
Area land sq mi706.81
Area water sq mi8.38
Population as of2020
Population total198,683
Population density sq mi281.1
Time zoneEastern
Webwww.gobroomecounty.com
Named forJohn Broome
District19th

Broome County, New York is a county located in the Southern Tier region of New York, with its county seat and largest city being Binghamton. The county was formed in 1806 from part of Tioga County and named for John Broome, the Lieutenant Governor of New York at the time. Situated at the confluence of the Susquehanna River and Chenango River, it has historically been a significant hub for manufacturing and transportation, evolving into a center for healthcare, education, and technology.

History

The region was originally inhabited by the Onondaga people and other nations of the Haudenosaunee Iroquois Confederacy. Following the American Revolutionary War, the area was part of the Military Tract of Central New York, used to compensate soldiers from New York regiments. Settlement accelerated after the Treaty of Canandaigua and the construction of the Chenango Canal, which linked the area to the Erie Canal. The 19th century saw the rise of industries like cigar manufacturing and the founding of the Endicott Johnson Corporation by George F. Johnson, which became a major employer. The county was also the birthplace of IBM, founded in Endicott as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, and was a key site for the development of the Apollo program's NASA flight simulators.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 715 square miles, of which 707 square miles is land and 8.4 square miles is water. Major waterways include the Susquehanna River, which flows southward, and its tributaries the Chenango River and the Tioughnioga River. The county lies within the Appalachian Plateau and features terrain ranging from river valleys to forested hills. It is bordered by Tioga County to the west, Chenango County to the east, Delaware County to the southeast, and Susquehanna County across the Pennsylvania state line to the south. Notable parks include the IBM Glen and the Greenwood Park.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 198,683. The racial makeup was predominantly White, with significant communities identifying as African American, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino. The largest ancestry groups include those of Italian, Irish, German, and Polish descent. The population density is approximately 281 people per square mile. Major population centers are the cities of Binghamton and Johnson City, and the villages of Endicott and Windsor.

Government and politics

Broome County operates under a County Executive-Legislature form of government, with the executive office currently held by Jason T. Garnar. The legislative branch is the Broome County Legislature, comprising 15 members. The county is part of the New York State Unified Court System, with courts including the Broome County Courthouse. Federally, it is represented in the United States House of Representatives by Marc Molinaro of the 19th district. Historically a Democratic stronghold in local politics, it has become more competitive in statewide and national elections.

Economy

Historically dominated by manufacturing, particularly the Endicott Johnson Corporation and IBM, the economy has diversified into sectors like healthcare, education, and advanced technology. Major employers now include United Health Services, Lourdes Hospital, and Binghamton University, part of the State University of New York system. The county is also home to BAE Systems, Lockheed Martin, and Raytheon Technologies, with a significant presence in aerospace and defense. The Greater Binghamton Airport supports regional commerce, and downtown Binghamton has seen redevelopment projects like the Binghamton University Downtown Center.

Education

Higher education is anchored by Binghamton University, a premier public research institution and one of the University Centers of the State University of New York. Other institutions include Broome Community College and Davis College. Primary and secondary education is provided by several public school districts, including the Binghamton City School District, Union-Endicott Central School District, and Maine-Endwell Central School District, the latter known for its successful athletics programs. The region is also served by private schools like Seton Catholic Central High School.

Culture and recreation

The county is known as the "Carousel Capital of the World" for its collection of historic carousels, several of which are located in Recreation Park and the Ross Park Zoo. Cultural venues include the Roberson Museum and Science Center, the Binghamton Philharmonic, and the Goodwill Theatre in Johnson City. It hosts annual events like the Dick's Sporting Goods Open PGA Tour Champions golf tournament at En-Joie Golf Club and the LUMA Projection Arts Festival. Sports fans support the Binghamton Rumble Ponies, the AA affiliate of the New York Mets, and the Binghamton Black Bears hockey team. Outdoor recreation is available at the Chenango Valley State Park and along the Chenango River.

Category:Broome County, New York Category:1806 establishments in New York (state) Category:Southern Tier (New York)