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MOS Technology 6502

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MOS Technology 6502
NameMOS Technology 6502
DesignerChuck Peddle, Bill Mensch
ManufacturerMOS Technology
Introduction1975
Bits8-bit
Clock1-2 MHz

MOS Technology 6502 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Chuck Peddle and Bill Mensch of MOS Technology, and is widely known for its use in the Apple I, Apple II, and Commodore 64 computers. The MOS Technology 6502 was introduced in 1975 and quickly gained popularity due to its low cost and high performance, making it a popular choice for many personal computer manufacturers, including Atari, Inc. and Sinclair Research. The MOS Technology 6502 was also used in various video game consoles, such as the Atari 2600 and Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), and was a key component in the development of the home computer market, which included companies like Texas Instruments and Hewlett-Packard.

Introduction

The MOS Technology 6502 was designed to be a low-cost, high-performance microprocessor that could be used in a wide range of applications, from personal computers to embedded systems. The MOS Technology 6502 was based on the 6501 processor, which was designed by Chuck Peddle and Bill Mensch while they were working at Motorola. However, due to a lawsuit from Motorola, the MOS Technology 6502 was modified to be incompatible with the 6501 and was released as a separate product, competing with other processors like the Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80. The MOS Technology 6502 was widely adopted by many manufacturers, including Apple Inc., Commodore International, and Atari, Inc., and was used in various products, such as the Apple II, Commodore 64, and Atari 8-bit family.

Architecture

The MOS Technology 6502 has a simple and efficient architecture that allows it to perform a wide range of tasks, from basic arithmetic operations to complex logical operations. The MOS Technology 6502 has a 16-bit address bus that allows it to access up to 64 kilobytes of memory, and a 8-bit data bus that allows it to transfer data between the processor and memory. The MOS Technology 6502 also has a number of registers, including the accumulator, index registers, and stack pointer, which are used to store and manipulate data, similar to those found in the Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80. The MOS Technology 6502 is also capable of performing interrupts, which allow it to respond to external events, such as input from the keyboard or output to the display device, and was used in conjunction with other chips, like the Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) and Versatile Interface Adapter (VIA).

Instruction Set

The MOS Technology 6502 has a simple and efficient instruction set that allows it to perform a wide range of tasks, from basic arithmetic operations to complex logical operations. The MOS Technology 6502 has a total of 56 instructions, which are divided into several categories, including load/store instructions, arithmetic instructions, and control flow instructions. The MOS Technology 6502 also has a number of addressing modes, including immediate addressing, absolute addressing, and indirect addressing, which allow it to access and manipulate data in different ways, similar to the Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80. The MOS Technology 6502 instruction set is also similar to that of the Motorola 6800, which was designed by Chuck Peddle and Bill Mensch while they were working at Motorola.

History

The MOS Technology 6502 was first introduced in 1975 and quickly gained popularity due to its low cost and high performance, competing with other processors like the Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80. The MOS Technology 6502 was widely adopted by many manufacturers, including Apple Inc., Commodore International, and Atari, Inc., and was used in various products, such as the Apple II, Commodore 64, and Atari 8-bit family. The MOS Technology 6502 was also used in various video game consoles, such as the Atari 2600 and Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), and was a key component in the development of the home computer market, which included companies like Texas Instruments and Hewlett-Packard. The MOS Technology 6502 was also used in various embedded systems, including traffic light controllers and cash registers, and was designed to be compatible with other chips, like the Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) and Versatile Interface Adapter (VIA).

Applications

The MOS Technology 6502 has been used in a wide range of applications, from personal computers to embedded systems. The MOS Technology 6502 was widely adopted by many manufacturers, including Apple Inc., Commodore International, and Atari, Inc., and was used in various products, such as the Apple II, Commodore 64, and Atari 8-bit family. The MOS Technology 6502 was also used in various video game consoles, such as the Atari 2600 and Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), and was a key component in the development of the home computer market, which included companies like Texas Instruments and Hewlett-Packard. The MOS Technology 6502 was also used in various embedded systems, including traffic light controllers and cash registers, and was designed to be compatible with other chips, like the Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) and Versatile Interface Adapter (VIA).

Legacy

The MOS Technology 6502 has had a significant impact on the development of the computer industry, and its legacy can still be seen today, with companies like Apple Inc. and Microsoft still using microprocessors that are based on the MOS Technology 6502 design. The MOS Technology 6502 was also a key component in the development of the home computer market, which included companies like Texas Instruments and Hewlett-Packard, and was used in various products, such as the Apple II, Commodore 64, and Atari 8-bit family. The MOS Technology 6502 is also still widely used today in various embedded systems, including traffic light controllers and cash registers, and is a popular choice among hobbyists and retrocomputing enthusiasts, who often use it in conjunction with other chips, like the Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) and Versatile Interface Adapter (VIA), and in projects like the Altair 8800 and KIM-1.

Category:Microprocessors