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Lake Nasser

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Lake Nasser
Lake nameLake Nasser
LocationEgypt, Sudan
Coords22°25′N 31°45′E
TypeReservoir
InflowNile River, Wadi Allaqi
OutflowNile River
Catchment1,900,000 km²
Length550 km
Width35 km
Surface area5,250 km²
Max depth25 m
Water volume157 km³
Residence time1 year
Shore length7,844 km
Elevation183 m
Islands30
SettlementAbu Simbel, Aswan, Wadi Halfa

Lake Nasser is a large reservoir located in southern Egypt and northern Sudan, created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam across the Nile River. The lake is named after the former President of Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser, who initiated the project. The lake's creation involved the relocation of several ancient temples, including the famous Abu Simbel temples, which were moved to a higher location with the help of UNESCO and the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities. The construction of the dam and the lake was a major engineering project that involved the collaboration of several countries, including Soviet Union, United States, and United Kingdom.

Geography

The lake is approximately 550 kilometers long and 35 kilometers wide, with a surface area of 5,250 square kilometers. It is situated in a region of great geological interest, with the Nubian Sandstone formation and the Aswan Granite formation surrounding the lake. The lake's shoreline is characterized by several bays and inlets, including the Khor el Ramla and the Khor el Allaqi. The lake's water level is regulated by the Aswan High Dam, which is operated by the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation. The lake is also home to several islands, including the Kitchener Island, which is a nature reserve and a popular spot for birdwatching with Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and International Union for Conservation of Nature.

History

The idea of creating a large reservoir in southern Egypt dates back to the early 20th century, when the British Empire was still in control of the region. The project was initially proposed by the Sultan of Egypt, Fuad II, but it was not until the 1950s that the project gained momentum. The construction of the Aswan High Dam was a major undertaking that involved the collaboration of several countries, including Soviet Union, United States, and United Kingdom. The dam was designed by the Soviet Union's Hydroproject Institute and built by the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation with the help of United Nations Development Programme and World Bank. The lake was officially inaugurated in 1971, and it has since become a major source of hydroelectric power for Egypt and Sudan, with the help of African Development Bank and European Investment Bank.

Construction

The construction of the Aswan High Dam was a major engineering project that involved the excavation of over 40 million cubic meters of rock and soil. The dam is 3,830 meters long and 111 meters high, and it is made of Aswan Granite and Nubian Sandstone. The dam's construction required the relocation of over 50,000 people, mostly Nubian villagers, who were moved to new settlements with the help of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and International Committee of the Red Cross. The construction of the dam also involved the creation of a new lake, which was formed by the flooding of the Nile River valley. The lake's creation required the construction of several new roads, bridges, and canals, including the Aswan Dam Road and the Nile River Canal, with the help of European Union and African Union.

Environment

The creation of Lake Nasser has had a significant impact on the environment of the region. The lake's water level is regulated by the Aswan High Dam, which has helped to control the flooding of the Nile River and prevent the loss of crops and property. However, the lake's creation has also led to the loss of several natural habitats, including the Nubian Sandstone formation and the Aswan Granite formation. The lake is home to several species of fish, including the Nile tilapia and the African catfish, which are an important source of food for the local population with the help of Food and Agriculture Organization and World Wildlife Fund. The lake is also a popular spot for birdwatching, with several species of birds, including the Egyptian goose and the African fish eagle, which are protected by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.

Economy

The creation of Lake Nasser has had a significant impact on the economy of the region. The lake is a major source of hydroelectric power for Egypt and Sudan, with the help of African Development Bank and European Investment Bank. The lake is also an important source of fish, with several species of fish, including the Nile tilapia and the African catfish, which are an important source of food for the local population with the help of Food and Agriculture Organization and World Wildlife Fund. The lake is also a popular spot for tourism, with several tourist attractions, including the Abu Simbel temples and the Aswan High Dam, which are managed by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and the Sudanese Ministry of Tourism with the help of United Nations World Tourism Organization and World Travel & Tourism Council.

Tourism

The lake is a popular spot for tourism, with several tourist attractions, including the Abu Simbel temples and the Aswan High Dam. The lake is also home to several islands, including the Kitchener Island, which is a nature reserve and a popular spot for birdwatching with Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and International Union for Conservation of Nature. The lake is also a popular spot for fishing and boating, with several species of fish, including the Nile tilapia and the African catfish, which are an important source of food for the local population with the help of Food and Agriculture Organization and World Wildlife Fund. The lake is also a popular spot for cruising, with several cruise ships, including the MS Sudan and the MS Karim, which offer tours of the lake and its surrounding attractions with the help of International Maritime Organization and World Tourism Organization.

Category:Lakes of Africa