Empire State
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| Empire State | |
|---|---|
| Name | Empire State |
| Location | Midtown Manhattan, New York City |
| Architect | Shreve, Lamb & Harmon Associates |
| Engineer | Homer Gage Balcom |
| Construction start | 1930 |
| Completion | 1931 |
| Opening | May 1, 1931 |
| Height | 1,454 feet |
| Floors | 102 |
Empire State. The iconic skyscraper, located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, was designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon Associates and built by Starrett Brothers & Eken, with Homer Gage Balcom serving as the structural engineer. The construction of the building began in 1930 and was completed in 1931, with the official opening taking place on May 1, 1931, attended by President Herbert Hoover and Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt. The building's design was influenced by the Art Deco style, popularized by architects such as Raymond Hood and Howell Lewis.
History
The construction of the Empire State Building was a significant event in the history of New York City, with the building becoming a symbol of the city's Manhattan skyline. The building was developed by John J. Raskob and Pierre S. du Pont, with the support of Walter Chrysler and William Van Alen. The building's construction was also influenced by the Great Depression, with the project providing employment opportunities for thousands of workers, including immigrants from Europe and Latin America. The building's completion was celebrated by Mayor Jimmy Walker and Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, and it quickly became a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world, including Hollywood stars such as Greta Garbo and Clark Gable.
Architecture
The building's design was influenced by the Art Deco style, with a distinctive chamfered silhouette and a series of setbacks that provide a sense of rhythm and harmony. The building's exterior is covered in limestone and granite, with a series of aluminum and stainless steel details, including the iconic mooring mast at the top of the building. The building's interior features a series of marble and wood finishes, with a grand lobby designed by Donald Deskey. The building's design was also influenced by the work of architects such as Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier, and it has been praised by critics such as Lewis Mumford and Ada Louise Huxtable.
Cultural significance
The building has become a cultural icon, symbolizing the power and ambition of New York City and the United States. The building has been featured in numerous films and television shows, including King Kong and Sleepless in Seattle, and it has been the subject of numerous works of art, including paintings by Georgia O'Keeffe and Edward Hopper. The building has also been the site of numerous events and exhibitions, including the Museum of Modern Art's Machine Art exhibition, curated by Philip Johnson. The building's cultural significance has been recognized by organizations such as the American Institute of Architects and the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and it has been designated as a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service.
Observation decks
The building features two observation decks, located on the 86th and 102nd floors, which offer stunning views of the Manhattan skyline and the surrounding Hudson River and East River. The observation decks are popular tourist destinations, attracting millions of visitors each year, including celebrities such as Tom Hanks and Julia Roberts. The observation decks have also been the site of numerous events and exhibitions, including the Top of the Rock observation deck, designed by Gabellini Sheppard Associates. The building's observation decks have been praised by critics such as Paul Goldberger and Nicolai Ouroussoff, and they have been recognized as one of the top tourist attractions in New York City by organizations such as the New York City Tourism Board.
In popular culture
The building has been featured in numerous films and television shows, including The Amazing Spider-Man and Gossip Girl, and it has been the subject of numerous works of literature, including novels by F. Scott Fitzgerald and Jay McInerney. The building has also been referenced in music, including songs by Frank Sinatra and Jay-Z, and it has been the subject of numerous works of art, including paintings by Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat. The building's appearance in popular culture has been influenced by its iconic design and its status as a symbol of New York City and the United States, and it continues to be a popular subject for artists and writers, including Martin Scorsese and Spike Lee. The building's cultural significance has been recognized by organizations such as the Library of Congress and the Smithsonian Institution, and it has been designated as a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service.