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| USGS Volcano Watch | |
|---|---|
| Name | USGS Volcano Watch |
| Type | Newsletter |
| Owner | United States Geological Survey |
| Publisher | U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program |
| Country | United States |
USGS Volcano Watch
USGS Volcano Watch is a weekly online column produced by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program that provides updates on volcanic activity, research, and hazards. It connects scientific findings from observatories and research centers with stakeholders in emergency management, aviation, and communities near volcanoes. Contributors include scientists from observatories, universities, and federal agencies.
USGS Volcano Watch synthesizes observations from the United States Geological Survey, reports from the Alaska Volcano Observatory, California Volcano Observatory, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, and Puerto Rico Volcano Observatory with research by authors affiliated with Smithsonian Institution, University of Washington, University of Hawaii at Manoa, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Oregon State University, University of California, Berkeley, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Topics often reference events such as the Mount St. Helens eruption (1980), Kīlauea, Mauna Loa, Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010), Stromboli, and regional hazards affecting Pacific Northwest. The column cites monitoring techniques tied to instruments developed by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, U.S. Department of the Interior, and collaborations with Center for Embedded Networked Sensing.
USGS Volcano Watch evolved from observatory bulletins and public information releases that trace lineage to early reports after the Krakatoa eruption (1883), the formation of the Volcanic Explosivity Index concept, and institutional responses to Mount St. Helens eruption (1980). The program expanded during the post-1980 era under leadership connected to directors at the U.S. Geological Survey and coordination with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Science Foundation, and the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior. Contributors have included investigators who worked on projects funded by the National Institutes of Health and academic grants from the National Science Foundation that supported field campaigns at sites like Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park and Yellowstone National Park.
USGS Volcano Watch aims to inform audiences about eruptive behavior, hazards, monitoring methods, and research findings. Regular content highlights seismicity recorded by networks maintained with Southern California Earthquake Center, deformation measured by Plate Boundary Observatory GPS, gas emissions studied with instruments from NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratories, and remote sensing products from Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellites managed by United States Geological Survey and European Space Agency. Articles explain implications for aviation safety by referencing International Civil Aviation Organization and Federal Aviation Administration protocols, summarize case studies such as Redoubt eruption (2009), and describe mitigation partnerships with State of Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management and county emergency management offices.
USGS Volcano Watch appears regularly on the USGS website and is distributed via channels that include the U.S. Geological Survey social media outlets, email lists maintained by observatories such as the Alaska Volcano Observatory, and reprints or citations in newsletters by institutions like American Geophysical Union, Seismological Society of America, Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology journals, and outreach platforms managed by Smithsonian Institution. The column has been adapted for public talks at venues such as the American Museum of Natural History, Hawaii Volcanoes Observatory Visitor Center, and educational workshops hosted by National Park Service and university extension programs at University of California Cooperative Extension.
USGS Volcano Watch has informed risk communication during crises involving volcanoes like Mount Pinatubo, Mount Vesuvius, Mount Etna, and Nevado del Ruiz. Emergency managers from FEMA Region X and aviation stakeholders in agencies such as Federal Aviation Administration and International Air Transport Association have cited USGS guidance originating in Volcano Watch pieces. Scholars in institutions including University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, Imperial College London, University of Tokyo, and Columbia University reference the column in outreach and teaching. Media outlets such as The New York Times, BBC News, The Washington Post, National Geographic, and Scientific American have drawn on Volcano Watch reporting for expert commentary.
Noteworthy installments examined the 2018 lower Puna eruption at Kīlauea, the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption (2010) aviation disruptions, the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption (1980), and multi-hazard assessments for Yellowstone Caldera. Case studies detail instrumentation campaigns at Mount Rainier, gas flux surveys at Sakurajima, lahars at Nevado del Ruiz, and monitoring improvements following the Redoubt eruption (2009). Collaborative features have profiled joint research with US Forest Service, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and university teams from University of Idaho and Montana State University.
USGS Volcano Watch complements operational monitoring by the Alaska Volcano Observatory, Cascades Volcano Observatory, California Volcano Observatory, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. It interfaces with technical initiatives such as the Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, the Global Volcano Model, the Global Seismographic Network, and remote sensing programs coordinated with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory and NOAA. Partnerships include academic consortia like the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering and international bodies such as the World Organization of Volcano Observatories.