National Academy of Medicine

National Academy of Medicine
Name	National Academy of Medicine
Formation	1970 (as Institute of Medicine)
Headquarters	Washington, D.C.
Leader title	President
Leader name	Margaret Hamburg
Parent organization	National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Contents

National Academy of Medicine The National Academy of Medicine is an American nonprofit, non-governmental institution that provides independent, evidence-based advice on health and biomedical science. It originated from a reorganization of the Institute of Medicine (U.S.) and operates alongside the National Academy of Sciences (United States), National Academy of Engineering, and National Research Council (United States). The organization convenes experts to address complex issues affecting public health policy in the United States and internationally, engaging leaders from institutions such as Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

History

The Academy traces roots to the establishment of the Institute of Medicine (U.S.) in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences (United States), created during the administration of Richard Nixon and informed by precedent institutions including the Rockefeller Foundation panels and studies conducted by National Research Council (United States). Early initiatives involved collaborations with National Institutes of Health, Food and Drug Administration, and academic centers like Columbia University and University of California, San Francisco. Major milestones include influential consensus reports during the administrations of Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton and engagement with global initiatives led by Kofi Annan and Gro Harlem Brundtland. In 2015 the body was reconstituted and renamed to reflect expanded scope and alignment with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consortium, continuing a legacy of work on issues tied to events such as the H1N1 influenza pandemic and the response to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa.

The Academy's mission centers on improving health, advancing biomedical science, and informing policy through consensus studies involving stakeholders such as Medicare (United States), Veterans Health Administration, World Bank, United Nations, and philanthropic partners like Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Organizational structure includes presidential leadership, an elected council, standing committees, and topic-specific study panels with members drawn from institutions including Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, Yale University, and University of Pennsylvania. It collaborates with entities such as The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, American Medical Association, American Public Health Association, and international academies like the Royal Society and Academia Sinica.

Membership is an honor conferred on distinguished professionals nominated by existing members and elected through peer review, with membership including clinicians, researchers, and public health leaders affiliated with organizations such as Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Salk Institute, and Broad Institute. Election criteria emphasize contributions to health sciences comparable to recognition by awards like the Lasker Award, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the MacArthur Fellowship. Notable members have been associated with figures such as Anthony Fauci, Harold Varmus, Francis Collins, Margaret Hamburg, and Paul Farmer, with many holding appointments at institutions like University of Washington and Imperial College London.

Programs include consensus studies, workshops, symposia, and fellowship initiatives partnering with organizations such as Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Wellcome Trust, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Kaiser Family Foundation, and Carnegie Corporation of New York. The Academy convenes task forces on topics spanning pandemic preparedness involving Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, precision medicine initiatives linked to National Institutes of Health, and global health diplomacy in cooperation with World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization. Educational and career-development programs engage trainees from institutions like Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, and Columbia Mailman School of Public Health and collaborate with policy platforms such as Brookings Institution and Council on Foreign Relations.

The Academy issues consensus reports, proceedings, and white papers published under the aegis of the National Academies Press. Topics have included vaccine policy during crises like the H1N1 influenza pandemic, guidelines for opioid epidemic in the United States response, frameworks for research integrity influenced by cases such as AIDS epidemic in the United States, and recommendations for antimicrobial resistance stewardship aligned with World Health Organization priorities. Reports have informed legislation debated in bodies like the United States Congress and regulatory guidance at agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

Funding sources comprise studies commissioned by federal agencies including National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, contracts with international agencies such as World Health Organization and World Bank, and philanthropic grants from entities like Gates Foundation and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Governance involves oversight by an elected council and audit processes consistent with standards practiced by peer institutions such as the Royal Society and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Conflicts of interest and disclosure policies align with guidance issued by bodies like Office of Research Integrity and are subject to scrutiny by stakeholders including Congressional Budget Office and investigative reporting from outlets such as The New York Times and The Washington Post.

Category:Organizations based in Washington, D.C.