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| Mohajer | |
|---|---|
| Group | Mohajer |
| Regions | South Asia, Middle East, Central Asia, Europe, North America |
| Languages | Persian, Urdu, Arabic, Pashto, Dari, Turkish |
| Religions | Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Sikhism |
Mohajer Mohajer denotes a historically migrant community associated with movements across South Asia, the Middle East, and Central Asia, often linked to refugee flows, resettlement, and diasporic networks. The term appears in accounts of partition, conflict, and labour migration involving actors such as the British Raj, Partition of India, Afghan conflicts, Iran–Iraq War, and Soviet–Afghan War. Scholarly and media treatments connect Mohajer to debates in studies of refugees, diaspora studies, ethnic conflict, transnationalism, and migration policy.
The name derives from Persian and Arabic roots used in texts by figures like Ibn Khaldun, Al-Masudi, and later scholars such as Edward Said and Bernard Lewis, appearing alongside terms in works from the Safavid dynasty era to analyses in the United Nations and International Organization for Migration. Linguists compare cognates found in Persian language, Arabic language, and Urdu language, linking etymology to lexical entries in collections by Noam Chomsky critics and lexicographers like William Jones and Sir William Jones. Comparative philology references include scholarship from Oxford University Press, Cambridge University Press, and research centers such as SOAS University of London and Harvard University migration studies.
Historical movement of Mohajer groups intersects with events like the Third Anglo-Afghan War, Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919, Indian Rebellion of 1857, Partition of India, and postcolonial state formation in Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Iran. Census data from institutions such as the Office for National Statistics, United States Census Bureau, and Statistics Canada have been used alongside fieldwork by Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and academics from Columbia University and University of Oxford to map settlement patterns. Migration waves followed episodes including the Iranian Revolution, Gulf War, and labour recruitment drives to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait involving agencies like the International Labour Organization and NGOs such as Médecins Sans Frontières.
Cultural identity among Mohajer communities reflects syncretic traditions tied to regions associated with the Mughal Empire, Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty, and local practices in cities like Lahore, Karachi, Tehran, Kabul, and Istanbul. Religious life features institutions like Al-Azhar University-influenced madrasas, parish networks linked to Roman Catholic Church dioceses, and Sikh gurdwaras such as Golden Temple-associated missions. Artistic expression appears in forms celebrated at festivals tied to Eid al-Fitr, Nowruz, Diwali, and folk genres preserved by performers recorded by outlets like BBC World Service, Al Jazeera, and Voice of America.
Mohajer populations have influenced politics in national contexts impacted by leaders such as Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Jawaharlal Nehru, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Saddam Hussein, Mohammad Mosaddegh, and Hamid Karzai, interacting with institutions including the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, European Union, and national ministries like Ministry of Interior (Pakistan). Social movements involving Mohajer actors link to campaigns led by organizations such as Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, International Rescue Committee, and political parties comparable to Pakistan Peoples Party and Bharatiya Janata Party in regional dynamics. Policy debates have referenced international instruments like the 1951 Refugee Convention and discussions at forums such as the UN General Assembly and World Economic Forum.
Significant Mohajer-linked communities appear in urban concentrations across Karachi, Lahore, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Tehran, Kabul, Istanbul, London, Toronto, New York City, Sydney, and Dubai. Diaspora organizations operate in partnership with institutions like UNHCR, International Organization for Migration, and academic centers at University of Toronto, London School of Economics, and Princeton University. Migration histories recall links to labour migrations involving shipping routes via Suez Canal and ports such as Port of Karachi and Port of Mumbai, and refugee resettlement programs in countries including Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, and United States.
Representations of Mohajer communities appear in novels, films, and journalism produced by authors and creators associated with Salman Rushdie, Arundhati Roy, Orhan Pamuk, Saadat Hasan Manto, Amitav Ghosh, and filmmakers screened at festivals like Cannes Film Festival, Berlin International Film Festival, and Venice Film Festival. Coverage has been carried by outlets such as The New York Times, The Guardian, Al Jazeera English, BBC, and The Washington Post, while academic treatments appear in journals published by Routledge, Springer Nature, and Taylor & Francis.
Category:Ethnic groups