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| Law on Legislative Bodies (Indonesia) | |
|---|---|
| Name | Law on Legislative Bodies |
| Long name | Undang-Undang tentang Dewan Perwakilan dan Badan Perwakilan |
| Enacted by | People's Representative Council (Indonesia) |
| Enacted | 2024 |
| Status | in force |
Law on Legislative Bodies (Indonesia)
The Law on Legislative Bodies reorganizes the legal framework governing the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), and local Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah within the constitutional order set by the Constitution of Indonesia. It clarifies the relationship among the House of Representatives (general term), Executive (Indonesia), and constitutional courts such as the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, while addressing election, membership, procedures, and oversight to align with democratic norms upheld by institutions like the General Elections Commission (Indonesia), National Commission on Human Rights (Indonesia), and international instruments referenced by the United Nations.
The law was drafted after debates in the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), consultations with the Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), and review by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia following precedents set in cases like the 2004 Indonesian legislative election disputes and the legislative reforms of the 1999 Indonesian legislative election. Stakeholders included political parties represented in the General Elections Commission (Indonesia), civil society organizations such as Transparency International chapters and the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI), and academic commentators from institutions like the University of Indonesia, Gadjah Mada University, and Airlangga University.
The statute defines terms for bodies including the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), provincial Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, and municipal councils established under the Constitution of Indonesia and informed by comparative practice from the United Kingdom Parliament, United States Congress, and regional models such as the Parliament of Singapore. Key definitions reference electoral mechanisms administered by the General Elections Commission (Indonesia), eligibility criteria related to rulings from the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, and compatibility with obligations under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
Provisions enumerate powers of the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), including lawmaking, budget approval alongside the Ministry of Finance (Indonesia), and oversight over the Executive (Indonesia) and state agencies such as the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), National Police (Indonesia), and National Intelligence Agency (Indonesia). The law delineates consultative roles for the Regional Representative Council (Indonesia) on regional autonomy matters tied to legislation like the Autonomy Law (Indonesia), and specifies competencies for provincial and municipal Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah in relations with the Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia) and the Supreme Court of Indonesia.
Election rules reference administration by the General Elections Commission (Indonesia), criteria from the Constitutional Court of Indonesia decisions, and international standards promoted by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. The statute prescribes proportional representation models similar to practices in the Netherlands, thresholds debated by parties represented in the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), gender quotas informed by the United Nations Development Programme and local advocacy from groups like Perempuan Mahardhika, residency and age qualifications consistent with rulings by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, and term lengths calibrated against precedents from the 1999 Indonesian legislative election and subsequent reforms.
The law codifies stages of bill initiation, committee review, plenary deliberation, and promulgation involving bodies such as the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), the Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), and the President of Indonesia. It mandates committees modeled after those in the Australian Parliament and the German Bundestag for sectoral review, requires impact assessments similar to guidelines from the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank for regulatory quality, and sets timelines influenced by prior legislative practice in the People's Representative Council (Indonesia) and recommendations from the National Legislative Drafting Agency (Indonesia).
Oversight mechanisms include summons powers to cabinet ministers from the Ministry of Finance (Indonesia), investigatory mandates referencing cooperation with the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the National Police (Indonesia), and reporting obligations to the President of Indonesia. Immunity provisions limit prosecution in line with precedents of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia while permitting accountability through ethics panels modeled after protocols in the European Parliament and the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. Sanctions and disciplinary processes involve institutions such as the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), the Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), and administrative tribunals like the State Administrative Court (Indonesia).
Amendment procedures align with constitutional amendment practice overseen by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia and require majorities within the People's Representative Council (Indonesia) and consultation with the Regional Representative Council (Indonesia), drawing on comparative amendment rules from the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Implementation responsibilities are assigned to the Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia), the General Elections Commission (Indonesia), and the National Legislative Drafting Agency (Indonesia), with enforcement cooperation from the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), the Attorney General's Office (Indonesia), and the Supreme Court of Indonesia to ensure conformity with domestic law and obligations under the United Nations system.
Category:Law of Indonesia