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| Great Indonesia Movement Party | |
|---|---|
| Name | Great Indonesia Movement Party |
| Native name | Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya |
| Leader | Prabowo Subianto |
| Founded | 10 February 2008 |
| Predecessor | Golkar faction |
| Headquarters | Jakarta |
| Ideology | Nationalism, Conservatism, Populism |
| Position | Right-wing |
| Youth wing | Brigade Muda |
Great Indonesia Movement Party The Great Indonesia Movement Party is an Indonesian political party founded in 2008 by Prabowo Subianto, emerging from a split within established Indonesian political circles and quickly becoming a major force in Indonesian electoral politics, coalition-building, and national discourse. The party has competed in multiple legislative and presidential elections, forming alliances with parties such as the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, Golkar, and the National Mandate Party while engaging with institutions including the People's Representative Council, the Constitutional Court, and regional governments in Jakarta and Central Java. Its leaders have backgrounds linked to the Indonesian National Armed Forces, the Indonesian Democratic Party, and business networks connected to Jakarta and Surakarta elites.
The party was founded on 10 February 2008 by Prabowo Subianto after splits involving figures associated with Golkar, Megawati Sukarnoputri, and factions of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, drawing support from military veterans, business leaders in Jakarta, and regional politicians from West Java and Central Java. In its early years the party contested the 2009 legislative election, negotiated coalitions with Partai Demokrat and Partai Golkar, and pursued registration with the General Elections Commission (Indonesia). Between 2009 and 2014 the party expanded provincial branches in Banten, East Java, and Sumatra, fielded gubernatorial candidates in West Sumatra and Aceh, and increased representation in the People's Representative Council. During the 2014 and 2019 presidential elections the party nominated Prabowo as its presidential candidate, entering electoral alliances with parties such as PKS (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera), PAN, and later negotiating with PDI-P and Gerindra-aligned legislators over cabinet positions. After the 2019 election the party joined coalitions supporting the administration of Joko Widodo in some regions while maintaining opposition positions in others, impacting policy debates in the Constitutional Court of Indonesia and the Corruption Eradication Commission.
The party's stated ideology combines elements of Indonesian nationalism associated with figures like Sukarno and Suharto-era nationalism, conservative social positions echoed by politicians from United Development Party (PPP) and Golkar, and populist economic rhetoric similar to platforms advanced by Prabowo Subianto and other nationalist leaders. Its platform emphasizes sovereignty and defense ties referencing institutions such as the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defense (Indonesia), rural and agrarian policies affecting stakeholders in Lampung and South Sulawesi, and social welfare measures comparable to programs introduced by administrations led by Joko Widodo and Megawati Sukarnoputri. The party often frames positions through historical narratives invoking the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, the legacy of Soekarnoism, and regional identity politics in provinces like Riau and East Kalimantan.
Party leadership centers on Prabowo Subianto, supported by a central board with secretaries and treasurers drawn from former military officers, business executives from Jakarta and regional elites from Yogyakarta and West Sumatra. Organizational structures mirror those of established parties such as Partai Demokrat and Partai Golkar, with provincial and district chapters operating under the party's central committee and youth wings interacting with student bodies at universities like University of Indonesia and Gadjah Mada University. Leadership contests have involved prominent figures connected to the Corruption Eradication Commission, the Attorney General of Indonesia, and former ministers from administrations of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Joko Widodo. The party maintains parliamentary groups in the People's Representative Council and engages with regional legislatures in provinces including Bali and North Sumatra.
The party first contested national elections in 2009, gaining seats in the People's Representative Council and building vote shares in constituencies across Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan. In the 2014 presidential election its candidate lineup reached nationwide ballots, competing against tickets led by Joko Widodo and Prabowo Subianto-aligned coalitions; the 2019 rematch further consolidated its electoral base in urban centers like Jakarta and rural regions such as Lampung. Legislative performance has resulted in seats on key committees including the Budget Committee and the Defense Committee, influencing budgetary negotiations in the Ministry of Finance (Indonesia) and oversight of institutions like the Ministry of Defense (Indonesia). Regional elections saw the party win mayoralties and governorships in provincial contests for offices in West Java and Central Java.
Policy priorities include strengthening defense procurement involving state enterprises such as PT Pindad and PT PAL Indonesia, promoting agricultural programs affecting farmers in Central Kalimantan and West Nusa Tenggara, and advocating trade positions in discussions with partners like China and Australia. On social policy the party has supported measures aligned with conservative religious parties such as PKS and PPP on issues debated in the People's Consultative Assembly, while endorsing infrastructure projects resembling initiatives from the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas). Fiscal stances emphasize targeted subsidies, industrial policy to support manufacturing hubs in Bekasi and Karawang, and regulatory changes interacting with the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM).
The party and its leaders have faced criticism related to Prabowo's past military career linked to events involving the Indonesian National Armed Forces in the 1990s, scrutiny from human rights organizations such as Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, and legal disputes adjudicated by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia and the Corruption Eradication Commission. Critics from opposition parties like PDI-P and civil society groups in Jakarta and Yogyakarta have challenged the party on issues of populist rhetoric, alleged patronage networks involving business conglomerates in Jakarta and Surabaya, and campaign finance controversies scrutinized by the General Elections Commission (Indonesia). Media coverage in outlets such as Kompas, The Jakarta Post, and Tempo has followed debates over the party's stance on pluralism, human rights, and economic policy.
Internationally the party engages with foreign interlocutors in bilateral dialogues involving the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia), regional forums like the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and multilateral institutions including the United Nations. It has sought defense cooperation with states such as Russia, China, and United States through procurement talks and military exchanges involving the Indonesian National Armed Forces while pursuing trade and investment ties with partners like Japan and South Korea. The party's parliamentary caucuses participate in inter-parliamentary networks connecting to the Inter-Parliamentary Union and maintain contacts with diaspora communities in Singapore and Australia.