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| European Union's Culture Programme | |
|---|---|
| Name | Culture Programme |
| Established | 2000 |
| Jurisdiction | European Union |
| Predecessor | Cultural 2000 |
| Successor | Creative Europe |
European Union's Culture Programme The Culture Programme was a European Union cultural initiative launched to support artistic culture cooperation across member states and promote cultural diversity. It operated alongside programmes in Education and Training 2010, MEDIA and Lifelong Learning Programme to fund exchanges among institutions such as the European Cultural Foundation, Goethe-Institut, British Council, and Institut Français. The Programme engaged stakeholders including the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, European Committee of the Regions, and European Economic and Social Committee.
The Programme aimed to foster transnational projects among entities like the Museum of Modern Art, Royal Shakespeare Company, Comédie-Française, Teatro alla Scala, and Deutsche Oper Berlin while interfacing with networks such as European Network of Cultural Centres, European Festivals Association, ICLEI, and Europa Nostra. It supported cultural mobility for artists affiliated with institutions such as Salzburg Festival, Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Venice Biennale, Documenta, and Berlinale and encouraged partnerships between organisations like European Capitals of Culture, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Council of Europe, European Broadcasting Union, and International Council on Monuments and Sites.
Launched in the context of policy debates involving Maastricht Treaty, Amsterdam Treaty, Nice Treaty, and the Lisbon Treaty, the Programme evolved from earlier measures such as Cultural 2000 and aligned with initiatives like Media Mundus and Erasmus Programme. Key milestones involved cooperation with projects tied to European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018, European Capital of Culture cycles including Glasgow 1990, Liverpool 2008, Riga 2014, and consolidation into Creative Europe following negotiations in the European Council and proposals from the Directorate-General for Education and Culture.
The Programme prioritized transnational mobility for professionals associated with Royal Opera House, Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden, National Theatre (Prague), and Bolshoi Theatre; enhancement of cultural heritage sites like Acropolis, Stonehenge, Aachen Cathedral, and Palace of Versailles; support for small and medium cultural enterprises exemplified by Arcola Theatre and Tate Modern partnerships; and promotion of languages such as English language, French language, German language, Spanish language, and Italian language through networks including European Language Council and EUNIC. It aimed to reinforce creative industries linked to Berlinale Talent Campus, Cannes Film Festival, Milan Fashion Week, and Salone del Mobile, and to boost international outreach with entities such as British Council, Goethe-Institut, Instituto Cervantes, and Istituto Luce.
Administration involved the European Commission's Directorate-General for Education and Culture, programming managed by committees akin to the Committee of Permanent Representatives (COREPER), and oversight by the European Court of Auditors and European Ombudsman. Operational partners included EACEA, European Cultural Foundation, Cultural Contact Points in capitals such as Brussels, Paris, Berlin, Madrid, and Rome, and expert panels featuring representatives from UNESCO, Council of Europe, OECD, World Intellectual Property Organization, and sector bodies like IETM and On the Move.
Funding instruments encompassed project grants, cooperation measures, and mobility grants awarded via calls administered by EACEA and evaluated by juries with experts from British Council, Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen, Goethe-Institut, Fondazione Cariplo, and Fondation de France. Beneficiaries ranged from national agencies such as British Council and Institut Français to networks like European Festivals Association and institutions like Museo Nacional del Prado and Rijksmuseum. The Programme coordinated budgetary cycles with Multiannual Financial Framework negotiations and reporting to the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education.
Notable supported initiatives included partnerships with European Capitals of Culture projects in cities such as Athens (1985), Linz (2009), Plovdiv (2019), collaborations with festivals like Edinburgh Festival, Salzburg Festival, Venice Biennale, projects with museums like Louvre, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Prado, and cross-border heritage efforts involving Transromanica, Via Francigena, and European Route of Brick Gothic. The Programme backed creative sector platforms including European Film Academy, IETM, Circostrada, and initiatives linked to awards like the European Heritage Award and European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture – Mies van der Rohe Award.
Evaluations by the European Court of Auditors and studies by KEA European Affairs, OECD, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, and European Cultural Foundation cited impacts on networks such as On the Move, increased mobility exemplified by exchanges with Royal Academy of Arts and Koninklijk Concertgebouw Orchestra, and contributions to cultural tourism in cities like Prague, Barcelona, Lisbon, and Florence. Legacy outcomes informed policy instruments including Creative Europe, recommendations from the European Parliament’s Committee on Culture and Education, and strategic frameworks adopted by the Council of the European Union.
Category:European Union programs