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| Camilo Catrillanca | |
|---|---|
| Name | Camilo Catrillanca |
| Birth date | 1996 |
| Birth place | Ercilla, Araucanía Region |
| Death date | 14 November 2018 |
| Death place | Temucuicui, Araucanía Region |
| Nationality | Chilean |
| Occupation | Farmer, community leader |
Camilo Catrillanca was a Mapuche farmer and community leader from Temucuicui in the Araucanía Region of Chile. He became an emblematic figure after his death during an operation involving the Carabineros de Chile, which sparked national protests and international attention, involving actors such as the President of Chile, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and the United Nations.
Catrillanca was born in Ercilla in the Araucanía Region and raised within the Mapuche community of Temucuicui, part of broader indigenous populations in southern Chile including communities interacting with Arauco Province, Malleco Province, and neighboring localities like Angol and Collipulli. His family ties and community roles connected him to Mapuche organizations such as the Comunidades Indígenas, indigenous authorities comparable to leaders in Lonko structures, and regional advocacy linked to national groups including the Coordinadora Arauco Malleco, Consejo de Todas las Tierras, and NGOs that engage with the National Institute of Indigenous Development and the Ministry of Social Development (Chile). Temucuicui’s territorial disputes involved private estates, forestry companies such as Forestal Arauco and landholders represented in legal settings like the Chilean Judiciary and regional offices of the Consejo de Defensa del Estado.
On 14 November 2018 Catrillanca was shot and killed during a rural operation carried out by a unit of the Carabineros de Chile known as the Comando Jungla. The operation took place in Temucuicui, drawing rapid response from state authorities including the Minister of Interior and Public Security (Chile), the President Sebastián Piñera administration, and regional government offices in the Araucanía Region. Immediate aftermath included the seizure and later controversy over video evidence from tactical cameras and alleged destruction of footage involving the Carabineros and assertions presented before the Public Ministry (Chile), prompting statements from the National Human Rights Institute (Chile) and calls for international observation from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the United Nations Human Rights Council.
Investigations were led by the Public Prosecutor's Office (Chile) (Ministerio Público) with involvement from the Investigative Police of Chile (PDI) and the national command structure of the Carabineros. Legal proceedings examined actions of Comando Jungla officers and chain-of-command decisions involving figures such as the national General Director of Carabineros, regional commanders in Araucanía, and political appointees in the Ministry of the Interior and Public Security (Chile). Probes addressed forensic evidence, ballistic reports from institutions like state forensic services, and contested video material, while criminal charges were brought against individual officers and disciplinary measures were pursued through the Carabineros disciplinary system and the Chilean judicial system, including cases pursued before courts in Santiago and regional tribunals in Temuco. The case prompted parliamentary inquiries in the National Congress of Chile and oversight by committees including the Chamber of Deputies (Chile) and the Senate of Chile.
Catrillanca’s death generated reactions across the Chilean political spectrum, with statements from the President Sebastián Piñera, opposition leaders from parties such as the Socialist Party of Chile, Christian Democratic Party (Chile), Revolutionary Left Movement (Chile), and MPs in the Chamber of Deputies (Chile). Human rights organizations including Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and local groups mobilized alongside indigenous organizations such as the Asamblea Coordinadora de Estudiantes Secundarios and community coalitions. Protests and marches were organized in major cities including Santiago, Temuco, Concepción, and international solidarity events in capitals like Madrid and Brussels, prompting debates in media outlets including El Mercurio (Chile), La Tercera, and broadcasters like Televisión Nacional de Chile and CNN Chile.
The killing intensified national and international scrutiny of land conflicts involving Mapuche communities, affecting negotiations with institutions such as the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989-related bodies and influencing policy discussions within the Ministry of Social Development (Chile) and legislative proposals debated in the National Congress of Chile. It galvanized Mapuche mobilization involving groups such as the Coordinadora Arauco Malleco and prompted solidarity from indigenous movements in Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru, while informing litigation before bodies like the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and influencing academic discourse in universities such as the University of Chile, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, and regional institutions in Temuco. The case contributed to calls for reform in policing policy, oversight mechanisms tied to the Carabineros de Chile, and legislative discussions on indigenous rights rooted in instruments like the Indigenous Law (Chile) and international standards from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
Coverage spanned national newspapers, television networks, and international press including BBC News, The New York Times, The Guardian, and regional outlets such as La Tercera and El Mercurio (Chile), shaping public memory through documentaries, investigative reports, and cultural responses from artists and filmmakers associated with festivals like the Valdivia International Film Festival. Memorials and commemorations occurred in Temucuicui, Temuco, and public spaces in Santiago, while academic analyses appeared in journals published by institutions like the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and the University of Chile. The case remains a reference point in debates about police accountability, indigenous-state relations, and transitional justice discussions involving national and international bodies including the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the United Nations Human Rights Council.
Category:2018 deaths Category:Mapuche people Category:People from Araucanía Region