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| Advanced Clean Trucks | |
|---|---|
| Name | Advanced Clean Trucks |
| Caption | Electric delivery truck charging in urban setting |
| Jurisdiction | California |
| Enacted | 2018 |
| Status | Active |
Advanced Clean Trucks
The Advanced Clean Trucks mandate is a regulatory program that phases in zero-emission delivery, vocational, and heavy-duty vehicles through sales requirements and procurement incentives. It links emissions reduction goals with vehicle standards, fleet transition strategies, funding mechanisms, and infrastructure planning across multiple jurisdictions and industries. The rule interacts with state agencies, manufacturers, utilities, and transit authorities to accelerate deployment of battery-electric and fuel-cell trucks.
The mandate establishes fleet procurement targets and manufacturer sales percentages to increase deployment of battery-electric trucks and fuel-cell electric vehicles via regulatory milestones. It was promulgated to complement programs such as Zero Emission Vehicle program and coordinate with agencies like the California Air Resources Board and the California Energy Commission, while aligning with targets from the Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Transportation. The policy links to funding streams from the California Climate Investments portfolio and partnerships with utilities such as Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Southern California Edison, and San Diego Gas & Electric to support charging infrastructure.
The regulatory foundation derives from state statutes and administrative orders including actions by the California Legislature and rulemaking by the California Air Resources Board. It builds on precedent from programs like the Low Carbon Fuel Standard and interacts with federal frameworks such as regulations issued by the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Internationally, the mandate harmonizes with commitments under the Paris Agreement and is influenced by procurement policies of municipal bodies such as the City of Los Angeles and regional agencies like the Metropolitan Transportation Commission. Several legal challenges and stakeholder proceedings have involved manufacturers including Daimler AG, Volvo Group, PACCAR, and Tesla, Inc..
Covered vehicle segments include light-duty commercial vans, medium-duty delivery trucks, heavy-duty regional haul tractors, and vocational chassis used by companies like FedEx, Amazon (company), UPS, and Ryder System. Technology platforms span battery-electric trucks using lithium-ion cells developed by suppliers such as LG Energy Solution, Panasonic Corporation, and CATL; fuel-cell electric vehicles using stacks from firms like Plug Power and Ballard Power Systems; and range-extended architectures showcased by manufacturers including Nikola Corporation and Hyundai Motor Company. Drivetrain suppliers and component makers such as Cummins Inc., BorgWarner, and ZF Friedrichshafen enable integration of power electronics, regenerative braking, and thermal management systems.
Deployment requires coordination among charging network providers like ChargePoint, Inc., Electrify America, and EVgo and hydrogen suppliers such as Air Liquide and Shell plc. Grid interconnection involves utilities and transmission authorities including California Independent System Operator and regional distribution operators to manage demand response, vehicle-grid integration, and smart charging protocols from standards bodies such as Society of Automotive Engineers and International Electrotechnical Commission. Public funding programs from entities like the California Public Utilities Commission and grant administrators including the California Air Resources Board finance depot chargers, fast DC charging, and hydrogen refueling stations, while fleets leverage workplace and curbside charging in collaboration with municipal agencies such as the Los Angeles Department of Transportation.
The mandate aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions aligned with targets from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and state-level climate goals; it also targets reductions in nitrogen oxides and particulate matter to improve air quality in regions like the San Joaquin Valley and South Coast Air Basin. Health co-benefits include lower incidence of asthma and cardiovascular disease documented in studies associated with emissions reductions in urban corridors such as Downtown Los Angeles and ports like the Port of Long Beach and Port of Los Angeles. Lifecycle assessments reference supply-chain issues involving mineral sourcing in countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo and processing centers such as facilities in China and South Korea, influencing policy on battery recycling and second-life applications.
Market responses involve procurement by large fleet operators including US Postal Service, DHL, and municipal transit agencies like Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Incentives from programs such as the Hybrid and Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project and federal funding under acts like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act accelerate adoption. Economic impacts touch manufacturers, component suppliers, and dealerships in regions including Fresno County, Riverside County, and Alameda County, while secondary markets for used vehicles and batteries engage recyclers and remanufacturers such as Li-Cycle.
Challenges include upfront vehicle costs facing small businesses and owner-operators, grid capacity constraints managed by utilities and transmission planners like California Independent System Operator, scarcity of skilled technicians trained through programs at institutions such as California State University, Long Beach and Universal Technical Institute, and permitting bottlenecks with local planning departments. Policy measures to address these issues include purchase incentives from agencies like the California Air Resources Board, workforce development grants from the California Employment Development Department, accelerated permitting ordinances adopted by cities such as San Francisco and Sacramento, and coordinated procurement frameworks used by regional consortia like the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.
Category:Transportation policy