Selangor
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| Selangor | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Selangor |
| Settlement type | State |
| Coordinates | 3, 20, N, 101... |
| Seat | Shah Alam |
| Largest city | Petaling Jaya |
| Government type | Parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| Leader title | Sultan |
| Leader name | Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah |
| Leader title1 | Menteri Besar |
| Leader name1 | Amirudin Shari |
| Area total km2 | 8104 |
| Population total | 6,994,423 |
| Population as of | 2020 |
| Population density km2 | auto |
| Demographics type1 | Human Development Index |
| Demographics1 title1 | HDI (2019) |
| Demographics1 info1 | 0.855 very high |
| Postal code type | Postal code |
| Postal code | 40xxx to 48xxx, 62xxx to 64xxx |
| Area code | 03 |
| Website | www.selangor.gov.my |
Selangor. It is one of the most developed and populous states in Malaysia, surrounding the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya on the central west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The state capital is Shah Alam, while its royal capital is Klang and its largest city is Petaling Jaya. A major economic powerhouse, it is a global hub for industry, commerce, and transportation, home to the nation's busiest port and primary airport.
History
The area's history is deeply intertwined with the Sultanate of Selangor, founded in the 18th century by Raja Lumu, who was of Bugis descent. Its growth was fueled by rich tin mining deposits, attracting Chinese immigrants and leading to conflicts like the Klang War and the involvement of British officials such as Frank Swettenham. The state became part of the Federated Malay States in 1895 and later witnessed pivotal events during the Japanese occupation of Malaya and the Malayan Emergency. Post-independence, it saw rapid modernization, including the development of new towns like Shah Alam and Cyberjaya.
Geography
Bordering the Strait of Malacca, the state features a mix of coastal plains, river valleys, and forested highlands. Major river systems include the Klang River and the Selangor River, which are crucial water sources for the Klang Valley conurbation. Significant natural areas include the Kuala Selangor Nature Park, the Kanching Rainforest Reserve, and sections of the Titiwangsa Mountains. Its coastline contains important habitats like the Kuala Selangor mudflats and the river mouth at Sekinchan.
Demographics
It has the largest population in Malaysia, characterized by a diverse ethnic makeup. The major groups include the Malay majority, along with significant Chinese and Indian communities. This diversity is reflected in urban centers such as Petaling Jaya, Subang Jaya, and Kajang. The state is also a key destination for international migrants and expatriates, particularly in areas like Damansara and Mont Kiara. Religious practice includes Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity.
Economy
It is the economic heart of Malaysia, contributing a substantial portion to the national GDP. The state houses the Port Klang, one of Southeast Asia's busiest container ports, and the Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang. Key industrial zones are located in Shah Alam, Petaling Jaya, and Cyberjaya, the latter being the core of the Multimedia Super Corridor. Major sectors include manufacturing, technology, palm oil processing, and finance, with significant operations by companies like Proton, Top Glove, and numerous multinational corporations.
Government and politics
The state is a constitutional monarchy, with the Sultan of Selangor, currently Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah, as the head of state. Executive power is exercised by the Menteri Besar of Selangor and the Selangor State Executive Council, based in the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building. The legislature is the unicameral Selangor State Legislative Assembly. Since 2008, the state government has been led by the Pakatan Harapan coalition, with Amirudin Shari serving as Menteri Besar.
Culture
The cultural landscape is a vibrant fusion of Malay, Chinese, Indian, and indigenous traditions. It is renowned for its culinary scene, offering dishes like nasi lemak, bak kut teh, and satay. Traditional Malay arts such as wayang kulit and dikir barat are practiced, alongside major Chinese festivals like Thaipusam at the Batu Caves and Deepavali celebrations in Little India. The state hosts significant institutions like the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque, the National Museum of Malaysia, and the Istana Alam Shah.