Presidential Guard (Greece)

Presidential Guard (Greece). The Presidential Guard is a ceremonial infantry unit of the Hellenic Army, tasked with the protection of the President of Greece and the security of the Presidential Mansion. Known historically and colloquially as the Evzones (Εύζωνες), the unit is most famous for its distinctive traditional uniform and its role in performing the ceremonial changing of the guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in front of the Hellenic Parliament in Athens. Drawn from elite volunteers within the Hellenic Armed Forces, the guard symbolizes the continuity of the Hellenic State and honors the sacrifices of the Greek War of Independence.

History

The origins of the unit trace back to 1868 with the formation of the "Agora Guard" during the reign of King George I, a unit tasked with protecting the royal palace. Its evolution is intertwined with the history of the Kingdom of Greece, seeing service in major conflicts including the Balkan Wars, World War I, and the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922). Following the abolition of the monarchy, the unit was renamed the "Royal Guard" and later, after the establishment of the Third Hellenic Republic, it received its current title. The guard's history is marked by its defense of the Greek government during pivotal moments, such as the Battle of Greece in World War II and the political turmoil of the Greek military junta of 1967–1974.

Organization and structure

The Presidential Guard is organized as a regiment, directly subordinate to the Hellenic National Defence General Staff. The unit is headquartered in the Goudi district of Athens, near the Presidential Mansion. Selection is highly competitive, with candidates drawn from volunteers across the Hellenic Army who must meet stringent physical, psychological, and moral standards. The regiment is composed of several companies, including dedicated ceremonial companies that perform public duties and a security company responsible for the direct protection of the President of Greece. Training is conducted at the unit's own facilities, emphasizing drill, physical endurance, and the precise execution of complex ceremonial movements.

Duties and responsibilities

The primary duty of the Presidential Guard is to provide a security detail for the President of Greece and the Presidential Mansion. Its most publicly visible responsibility is the performance of elaborate ceremonial duties, most notably the hourly changing of the guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier on Syntagma Square. Guardsmen also stand vigil at the Propylaea of the University of Athens and participate in major national events such as the parade for Greek Independence Day, the celebration of Ohi Day, and state visits by foreign dignitaries like the President of the United States or the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

Uniform and equipment

The iconic ceremonial uniform of the Evzones is a stylized version of the traditional garb worn by klephts and armatoloi during the Greek War of Independence. Its most recognizable elements include the "foustanella," a pleated white kilt; the "fermeli," an embroidered waistcoat; and red leather clogs with black pompons called "tsarouhia." The uniform varies by season and rank, with a winter version featuring a dark blue greatcoat. For security and operational duties, guardsmen utilize standard Hellenic Army combat uniforms and are equipped with modern small arms, including the Heckler & Koch G3 battle rifle. The ceremonial sentries are traditionally armed with obsolete M1 Garand rifles fitted with bayonets.

Notable events and deployments

Beyond its daily ceremonies, the Presidential Guard has participated in significant historical and diplomatic events. The unit provided the honor guard for the funeral of statesman Eleftherios Venizelos and has been a constant presence during major anniversaries, such as the centennial of the Battle of Crete. Internationally, detachments have performed in countries including the United States, Australia, and China, often during cultural promotions or state visits. During the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, the Evzones played a prominent ceremonial role. The guard also stands watch during critical parliamentary sessions and national mourning periods, such as those following the death of prominent figures like composer Mikis Theodorakis.

Category:Military of Greece Greece Category:Government of Greece Category:Ceremonial units in Greece