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Maryland House of Delegates

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Maryland House of Delegates
NameMaryland House of Delegates
LegislatureMaryland General Assembly
House typeLower house
BodyMaryland General Assembly
Term limitsNone
New sessionJanuary 11, 2023
Leader1 typeSpeaker
Leader1Adrienne A. Jones
Election1May 1, 2019
Leader2 typeSpeaker pro tempore
Leader2Sheree Sample-Hughes
Election2May 1, 2019
Leader3 typeMajority Leader
Leader3David Moon
Election3January 8, 2025
Leader4 typeMinority Leader
Leader4Jason C. Buckel
Election4January 8, 2025
Members141
Political groups1Majority (102), Democratic (102), Minority (39), Republican (39)
Voting system1Plurality voting
Last election1November 8, 2022
Next election1November 3, 2026
Meeting placeHouse of Delegates Chamber, Maryland State House, Annapolis, Maryland
Websitehttp://mgaleg.maryland.gov

Maryland House of Delegates. The Maryland House of Delegates is the lower chamber of the Maryland General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maryland. Composed of 141 members elected from 47 legislative districts, it convenes annually in the Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland. The body shares legislative power with the upper chamber, the Maryland Senate, and works with the Governor of Maryland to enact state law.

History

The House of Delegates traces its origins to the colonial assembly established in 1635 under the Province of Maryland. Following the American Revolution, it was formally created as a representative body by the Maryland Constitution of 1776. Key historical events involving the chamber include debates over the War of 1812, the American Civil War, and the passage of landmark legislation during the Progressive Era. The body was significantly reformed by the Maryland Constitution of 1867, which established its modern structure and relationship with the Maryland Senate.

Composition

The House consists of 141 delegates, each elected to four-year terms. Members are elected from 47 legislative districts, with each district electing three delegates. The current composition, following the 2022 Maryland House of Delegates election, features a strong Democratic majority, with 102 members, and a Republican minority of 39 members. This partisan makeup has been consistent for several decades, influencing the legislative agenda on issues such as education funding, healthcare policy, and environmental regulation.

Leadership and organization

The presiding officer is the Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates, a position held since 2019 by Adrienne A. Jones, the first woman and first African American to hold the role. Other key leaders include the Speaker pro tempore, Sheree Sample-Hughes, the Majority Leader, David Moon, and the Minority Leader, Jason C. Buckel. The work of the chamber is organized through a system of standing committees, such as the Ways and Means Committee and the Judiciary Committee, which review legislation before floor votes.

Powers and duties

The House shares the core legislative powers of the Maryland General Assembly, including the authority to introduce and pass bills, draft the state budget, and confirm gubernatorial appointments. It holds the exclusive constitutional power to initiate revenue and taxation bills. The chamber also possesses the sole power to impeach state officials, including the Governor of Maryland, with trials conducted by the Maryland Senate. Jointly with the Senate, it can override gubernatorial vetoes and propose amendments to the Maryland Constitution.

Elections and districts

Delegates are elected in general elections held in November of even-numbered years. Elections use a plurality voting system within each legislative district. District boundaries are redrawn every ten years following the United States Census by the Governor of Maryland's Redistricting Commission, a process often subject to political and legal scrutiny, including cases before the Maryland Court of Appeals. Recent elections, like the 2018 Maryland gubernatorial election and the 2022 United States Senate election in Maryland, have influenced the political dynamics within the chamber.

Current session

The current legislative session began on January 11, 2023, and is the 446th session of the Maryland General Assembly. Major legislation under consideration includes bills related to climate change, transportation infrastructure, and criminal justice reform. The session operates under rules and a calendar set by the Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates and its Committee on Rules and Executive Nominations. The chamber continues to address ongoing state issues in collaboration with Governor Wes Moore and the Maryland Senate.

Category:Maryland House of Delegates Category:Lower houses of state legislatures of the United States Category:Government of Maryland