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Benjamin Netanyahu

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Benjamin Netanyahu
NameBenjamin Netanyahu
CaptionNetanyahu in 2019
OfficePrime Minister of Israel
Term start29 December 2022
PresidentIsaac Herzog
Predecessor1Yair Lapid
Term start131 March 2009
Term end113 June 2021
President1Shimon Peres, Reuven Rivlin
Predecessor1Ehud Olmert
Successor1Naftali Bennett
Term start218 June 1996
Term end26 July 1999
President2Ezer Weizman
Predecessor2Shimon Peres
Successor2Ehud Barak
Office3Minister of Defense
Term start318 November 2022
Term end329 December 2022
Primeminister3Yair Lapid
Predecessor3Benny Gantz
Successor3Yoav Gallant
Term start412 November 2018
Term end42 January 2019
Primeminister4Himself
Predecessor4Avigdor Lieberman
Successor4Naftali Bennett
Office5Minister of Foreign Affairs
Term start518 December 2012
Term end511 November 2013
Primeminister5Himself
Predecessor5Avigdor Lieberman
Successor5Avigdor Lieberman
Term start66 November 2002
Term end628 February 2003
Primeminister6Ariel Sharon
Predecessor6Shimon Peres
Successor6Silvan Shalom
Office7Minister of Finance
Term start728 February 2003
Term end79 August 2005
Primeminister7Ariel Sharon
Predecessor7Silvan Shalom
Successor7Ehud Olmert
Birth nameBenjamin Netanyahu
Birth date21 October 1949
Birth placeTel Aviv, Israel
PartyLikud
OtherpartyAlliance (2022–present), Likud (1993–present)
SpouseMiriam Weizmann, (div.), Fleur Cates, (div.), Sara Netanyahu, (m. 1991)
Alma materMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University
AllegianceIsrael
BranchIsrael Defense Forces
Serviceyears1967–1973
RankCaptain
UnitSayeret Matkal
BattlesWar of Attrition, Yom Kippur War

Benjamin Netanyahu. Benjamin Netanyahu is an Israeli politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Israel on multiple non-consecutive occasions, making him the longest-serving holder of the office in the country's history. A central figure in the Likud party, his political career has been defined by a focus on national security, a hawkish stance toward Iran, and a skeptical approach to the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. His tenure has been marked by significant domestic political turmoil, multiple elections, and ongoing legal issues.

Early life and education

He was born in Tel Aviv but spent part of his adolescence in the United States, where his father, the historian Benzion Netanyahu, taught. He returned to Israel to serve in the Israel Defense Forces, joining the elite Sayeret Matkal unit. After his military service, he returned to the U.S. for higher education, earning degrees from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and completing graduate studies at Harvard University.

Military and early political career

As a captain in Sayeret Matkal, he participated in several operations during the War of Attrition and the Yom Kippur War]. Following his studies abroad, he entered public service, first as a diplomat at the Israeli Embassy in Washington, D.C. and later as Israel's ambassador to the United Nations. His rise in the Likud party was rapid, and he served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs under Moshe Arens before being elected to the Knesset.

Prime Minister of Israel

He first became Prime Minister of Israel in 1996 after defeating Shimon Peres, becoming the youngest person ever elected to the role. After losing to Ehud Barak in 1999, he returned to power in 2009, forming a coalition government. His subsequent terms saw numerous conflicts, including Operation Pillar of Defense and Operation Protective Edge against Hamas in the Gaza Strip. His governments have included coalitions with parties like Yisrael Beiteinu, Shas, and The Jewish Home, and he was ousted briefly by a coalition led by Naftali Bennett and Yair Lapid in 2021 before returning to power in late 2022.

Political positions and policies

His political ideology is strongly associated with Israeli nationalism and security-centric policies. He has been a vocal opponent of the Iran nuclear deal, frequently clashing with the administration of Barack Obama and cultivating close ties with Donald Trump, who moved the U.S. Embassy in Israel to Jerusalem. Domestically, he has promoted economic liberalization policies, particularly during his tenure as Minister of Finance under Ariel Sharon. Regarding the Palestinians, he has endorsed the concept of a demilitarized Palestinian state under strict conditions but has also overseen significant expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

Throughout his later terms, he faced a series of serious corruption allegations, leading to multiple police investigations. In 2019, the Attorney General of Israel, Avichai Mandelblit, announced his intention to indict him on charges including bribery, fraud, and breach of trust in three separate cases, known as Case 1000, Case 2000, and Case 4000. His trial began at the Jerusalem District Court in 2020, making him the first sitting Israeli prime minister to stand trial on criminal charges, a process that continued throughout his premiership.

Personal life

He is married to Sara Netanyahu, a former flight attendant and educational psychologist, with whom he has two sons, Yair Netanyahu and Avner Netanyahu. He also has a daughter, Noa Netanyahu, from a previous marriage to Fleur Cates. His older brother, Yonatan Netanyahu, was killed leading the Entebbe raid in Uganda, an event that profoundly impacted him. The family resides in the official residence on Balfour Street in Jerusalem.

Category:Benjamin Netanyahu Category:Prime Ministers of Israel Category:Likud politicians