Alabama House of Representatives
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| Alabama House of Representatives | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Alabama House of Representatives |
| Legislature | Alabama Legislature |
| House type | Lower house |
| Body | Alabama General Assembly |
| Term limits | None |
| New session | March 7, 2023 |
| Leader1 type | Speaker |
| Leader1 | Nathaniel Ledbetter |
| Party1 | (R) |
| Election1 | March 7, 2023 |
| Leader2 type | Speaker pro tempore |
| Leader2 | Chris Pringle |
| Party2 | (R) |
| Election2 | March 7, 2023 |
| Leader3 type | Majority Leader |
| Leader3 | Scott Stadthagen |
| Party3 | (R) |
| Election3 | March 7, 2023 |
| Leader4 type | Minority Leader |
| Leader4 | Anthony Daniels |
| Party4 | (D) |
| Election4 | February 9, 2017 |
| Members | 105 |
| Political groups1 | Majority (77), Republican (77), Minority (28), Democratic (28) |
| Term length | 4 years |
| Authority | Article IV, Alabama Constitution |
| Salary | $53,913/year + per diem |
| Last election1 | November 8, 2022 |
| Next election1 | November 3, 2026 |
| Redistricting | Legislative control |
| Meeting place | House of Representatives Chamber, Alabama State House, Montgomery, Alabama |
| Website | http://www.legislature.state.al.us/house/house.html |
Alabama House of Representatives. It is the lower chamber of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. Composed of 105 members elected from single-member districts, the body convenes at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. Its primary responsibilities include crafting the state's annual budget, enacting state statutes, and providing oversight of the executive branch.
History
The chamber was first established by the Alabama Constitution of 1819 upon Alabama's admission to the Union. Its early history was dominated by the Democratic Party, particularly following the Reconstruction era. A pivotal shift occurred after the 1994 Republican Revolution, leading to the Republican Party gaining a majority after the 2010 elections for the first since Reconstruction. Landmark sessions have addressed issues from the Civil Rights Movement to significant judicial reforms.
Membership
Membership is fixed at 105 representatives, each serving four-year terms with no term limits. To serve, an individual must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Alabama for three years, and of their district for one year preceding the election. The current membership, following the 2022 elections, comprises 77 Republicans and 28 Democrats, reflecting strong GOP control. Notable former members include George C. Wallace and Lister Hill.
Leadership
The presiding officer is the Speaker, elected by the full membership, currently Nathaniel Ledbetter. Other key leaders include the Speaker pro tempore, Chris Pringle, the Majority Leader, Scott Stadthagen, and the Minority Leader, Anthony Daniels. The Speaker appoints chairs and members to all standing committees and controls the legislative calendar. The Clerk and Sergeant at Arms are non-member officers managing chamber operations.
Committees
The House operates through a system of standing committees where most legislative work is conducted. Major committees include Appropriations, chaired by Danny Garrett; Ways and Means General Fund, chaired by Rex Reynolds; and the Judiciary Committee, chaired by Jim Hill. Other significant panels are the Education Policy Committee, the Health Committee, and the Transportation, Utilities and Infrastructure Committee. Special or select committees can be formed by the Speaker to address specific issues.
Powers and duties
The chamber shares legislative power with the Alabama Senate, possessing the sole constitutional power to originate revenue bills. It participates in overriding gubernatorial vetoes, which requires a majority vote of all elected members. Jointly with the Senate, it exercises the power of impeachment, with the House bringing charges. Its most critical duty is the passage of the state operating and education budgets, funding agencies like the Department of Corrections and the Department of Education.
Elections and districts
Elections are held in November of even-numbered years, coinciding with the federal congressional elections. District boundaries are redrawn every decade following the United States Census by the Alabama Legislature itself. Recent redistricting has been subject to litigation under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, including cases heard by the Supreme Court of the United States such as Allen v. Milligan. All 105 seats were contested in the 2022 election, with the next general election scheduled for 2026.
Category:Alabama House of Representatives Category:State lower houses in the United States Category:Government of Alabama