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2022 United States House of Representatives elections

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Parent: United States Congress Hop 3
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2022 United States House of Representatives elections
2022 United States House of Representatives elections
Ketrit · CC BY-SA 4.0 · source
Election name2022 United States House of Representatives elections
CountryUnited States
Typelegislative
Previous election2020 United States House of Representatives elections
Previous year2020
Next election2024 United States House of Representatives elections
Next year2024
Seats for electionAll 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives
Majority seats218
Election dateNovember 8, 2022
Party1Republican
Leader1Kevin McCarthy
Leader since1January 3, 2019
Leaders seat1California's 20th congressional district
Last election1213 seats
Seats1222
Seat change1▲ 9
Popular vote154,510,656
Percentage150.6%
Swing▲ 2.8%
Party2Democratic
Leader2Nancy Pelosi
Leader since2January 3, 2003
Leaders seat2California's 11th congressional district
Last election2222 seats
Seats2213
Seat change2▼ 9
Popular vote251,577,667
Percentage247.8%
Swing▼ 2.3%

2022 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2022, to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across the fifty states. The elections occurred during the first midterm election of President Joe Biden's term, with all seats in the United States House of Representatives contested. The Republican Party regained control of the chamber, securing a narrow majority and ending the leadership of Speaker Nancy Pelosi.

Background

The elections took place under the new congressional districts established by the 2020 United States redistricting cycle following the 2020 United States Census. Historical trends, such as the president's party typically losing seats in midterms, shaped expectations. The political climate was heavily influenced by the presidency of Joe Biden, the January 6 United States Capitol attack, and the Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization. Key figures like Donald Trump remained influential in the Republican primaries, while Democratic leadership, including Nancy Pelosi and Hakeem Jeffries, sought to defend their majority.

Election results

The Republican Party won 222 seats, gaining a net increase of nine seats from the previous 117th United States Congress. The Democratic Party won 213 seats, a net loss of nine. Nationally, Republicans won the aggregate popular vote by approximately three million votes. Notable gains for Republicans occurred in states like New York and Florida, while Democrats made limited gains in districts within Michigan and Illinois. Control of the chamber shifted, setting the stage for Kevin McCarthy to become Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.

Major races and analysis

Several high-profile contests drew national attention and significant spending. In New York's 3rd congressional district, Democrat Tom Suozzi's retirement led to a Republican pickup by George Santos, whose tenure later became embroiled in scandal. The Virginia's 2nd congressional district race saw Democrat Elaine Luria defeated by Republican Jen Kiggans. In Michigan's 3rd congressional district, Democrat Hillary Scholten flipped a seat previously held by Republican Peter Meijer, who lost his primary. Analysis from organizations like the Cook Political Report and FiveThirtyEight highlighted how candidate quality and Donald Trump's endorsements affected outcomes in swing districts like Arizona's 6th congressional district and Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district.

Issues and campaigns

Campaigns were dominated by national issues including record inflation in the United States, the post-''Roe'' landscape of abortion in the United States, and crime in the United States. Democrats emphasized protecting Social Security and Medicare, while also focusing on the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and the Inflation Reduction Act. Republicans campaigned heavily on the economy, border security, and opposition to the policies of the Biden administration. Significant spending came from entities like the Congressional Leadership Fund and the House Majority PAC, with debates often centered on the Presidency of Joe Biden and the leadership of the 117th United States Congress.

Aftermath and impact

The Republican victory resulted in Kevin McCarthy being elected Speaker of the United States House of Representatives after a protracted multi-ballot contest in January 2023, facing opposition from the House Freedom Caucus. The new 118th United States Congress saw immediate investigations launched into the Biden administration by committees like the House Judiciary Committee under Jim Jordan and the House Oversight Committee under James Comer. The narrow majority complicated legislative efforts, influencing debates on the debt ceiling and government funding. The results also prompted leadership changes within the Democratic Caucus of the United States House of Representatives, with Hakeem Jeffries succeeding Nancy Pelosi as party leader.

Category:2022 United States House of Representatives elections Category:2022 elections in the United States