The Pre-Raphaelites

The Pre-Raphaelites
Name	The Pre-Raphaelites
Caption	Ophelia by Sir John Everett Millais
Period	1848–1854
Country	United Kingdom

Contents

The Pre-Raphaelites were a group of English artists, poets, and critics who emerged in the mid-19th century, seeking to reject the formulaic approach to art that had been taught at the Royal Academy of Arts by artists such as Sir Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough. The movement was influenced by the works of William Shakespeare, John Keats, and Percy Bysshe Shelley, and drew inspiration from the Italian Renaissance and the art of Sandro Botticelli and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The Pre-Raphaelites were also influenced by the Arts and Crafts Movement, led by William Morris and John Ruskin, which emphasized the importance of handmade crafts and the beauty of nature. The movement's emphasis on aesthetics and romanticism was also reflected in the works of Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning.

Introduction

The Pre-Raphaelites were founded in 1848 by a group of artists, including Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, and John Everett Millais, who were dissatisfied with the conventional approach to art taught at the Royal Academy of Arts. They sought to create a new kind of art that was inspired by the Italian Renaissance and the works of William Shakespeare and John Keats. The movement was also influenced by the Oxford Movement, a group of Anglican clergy who sought to revive the traditions of the Church of England. The Pre-Raphaelites were also drawn to the works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, and the movement's emphasis on romanticism and aesthetics was reflected in the works of Eugene Delacroix and Francisco Goya.

The Pre-Raphaelite movement emerged in the mid-19th century, a time of great social and cultural change in England. The movement was influenced by the Industrial Revolution and the growth of urbanization, which had led to a sense of disconnection from nature and the past. The Pre-Raphaelites sought to create a new kind of art that was inspired by the medieval period and the works of Geoffrey Chaucer and Sir Thomas Malory. The movement was also influenced by the French Revolution and the works of Victor Hugo and Alphonse de Lamartine. The Pre-Raphaelites were also drawn to the works of Richard Wagner and Giuseppe Verdi, and the movement's emphasis on drama and theater was reflected in the works of Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg.

The Pre-Raphaelite movement was led by a group of key figures, including Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, and John Everett Millais. Other notable members of the movement included Elizabeth Siddal, Jane Morris, and Edward Burne-Jones. The movement was also influenced by the works of Ford Madox Brown and William Morris, who were both associated with the Arts and Crafts Movement. The Pre-Raphaelites were also drawn to the works of Gustave Courbet and Jean-Francois Millet, and the movement's emphasis on realism and naturalism was reflected in the works of Honore Daumier and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. The movement's key figures were also influenced by the works of Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins, and the movement's emphasis on literature and narrative was reflected in the works of Thomas Hardy and Joseph Conrad.

The Pre-Raphaelite artistic style was characterized by its emphasis on detail and realism. The movement's artists sought to create a new kind of art that was inspired by the Italian Renaissance and the works of Sandro Botticelli and Leonardo da Vinci. The Pre-Raphaelites were also influenced by the works of Jan van Eyck and Hans Holbein the Younger, and the movement's emphasis on portraiture and landscape was reflected in the works of Anthony van Dyck and Claude Lorrain. The movement's artistic style was also influenced by the works of Eugene Delacroix and Francisco Goya, and the movement's emphasis on color and light was reflected in the works of J.M.W. Turner and John Constable. The Pre-Raphaelites were also drawn to the works of Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Claude Monet, and the movement's emphasis on impressionism and expressionism was reflected in the works of Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin.

The Pre-Raphaelite movement had a significant influence on the development of modern art. The movement's emphasis on aesthetics and romanticism was reflected in the works of Gustav Klimt and Egon Schiele, and the movement's emphasis on symbolism and expressionism was reflected in the works of Edvard Munch and James Ensor. The Pre-Raphaelites were also influential in the development of the Arts and Crafts Movement, which emphasized the importance of handmade crafts and the beauty of nature. The movement's influence can also be seen in the works of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Comfort Tiffany, and the movement's emphasis on architecture and design was reflected in the works of Antoni Gaudí and Charles Rennie Mackintosh. The Pre-Raphaelites were also drawn to the works of Igor Stravinsky and Sergei Diaghilev, and the movement's emphasis on music and dance was reflected in the works of Vaslav Nijinsky and Léon Bakst.

Some notable works of the Pre-Raphaelite movement include Ophelia by John Everett Millais, The Light of the World by William Holman Hunt, and Beata Beatrix by Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Other notable works include The Beguiling of Merlin by Edward Burne-Jones and Valentine rescuing Silvia from Proteus by William Holman Hunt. The movement's notable works also include The Lady of Shalott by William Holman Hunt and The Awakening Conscience by William Holman Hunt. The Pre-Raphaelites were also influenced by the works of Hans Christian Andersen and Charles Perrault, and the movement's emphasis on fairy tales and mythology was reflected in the works of Arthur Rackham and Gustave Doré. The movement's notable works were also influenced by the works of Richard Wagner and Giuseppe Verdi, and the movement's emphasis on opera and music drama was reflected in the works of Giacomo Puccini and Richard Strauss.

Category:Art movements