Siberian Federal District

Siberian Federal District
Name	Siberian Federal District
Russian name	Сибирский федеральный округ
Capital	Novosibirsk
Largest city	Novosibirsk
Population	20,062,938
Population date	2020
Area	5,114,800
Area date	2020
Density	3.9
Density date	2020
Adm center	Novosibirsk
Federal subjects	10

Siberian Federal District is a federal district of Russia, established by Vladimir Putin in 2000, and is located in the eastern part of the country, bordering Mongolia, China, and Kazakhstan. The district is home to many notable cities, including Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, and Krasnoyarsk, which are major centers of Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and Russian Federal Space Agency. The region is also known for its rich natural resources, including Lake Baikal, the world's largest and deepest freshwater lake, and the Ob River, which flows through the district and is a major source of hydroelectric power.

Geography

The Siberian Federal District covers a vast territory, spanning over 5 million square kilometers, and is bordered by the Ural Mountains to the west, the Pacific Ocean to the east, and the Arctic Ocean to the north. The district includes the Altai Mountains, the Sayano-Shushenskoye Dam, and the Kuznetsk Basin, which are all significant geographical features. The region is also home to many notable national parks, including the Lake Baikal National Park, the Putorana Plateau, and the Taimyr Peninsula, which are protected by the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and the UNESCO World Heritage Centre. The district's geography is also influenced by the Trans-Siberian Railway, which connects Moscow to Vladivostok and passes through many cities in the region, including Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude, and Chita.

History

The Siberian Federal District has a rich and complex history, with many different cultures and empires vying for control over the region. The district was originally inhabited by various indigenous peoples, including the Buryats, the Evenks, and the Yakuts, who were later influenced by the Mongol Empire and the Russian Empire. The region was also an important center of trade and commerce, with the Silk Road passing through the district and connecting China to Europe. The district was also home to many notable Russian explorers, including Yermak Timofeyevich, who led the Russian conquest of Siberia, and Vitus Bering, who led the Great Northern Expedition. The region played a significant role in the Russian Civil War, with the Red Army fighting against the White Army in the district, and was also an important center of Soviet industry during World War II.

Economy

The Siberian Federal District is a major contributor to the Russian economy, with the region being rich in natural resources, including oil, gas, coal, and minerals. The district is home to many major Russian companies, including Gazprom, Rosneft, and Norilsk Nickel, which are involved in the energy industry and the mining industry. The region is also an important center of agriculture, with the district producing significant amounts of wheat, barley, and sunflower oil. The district's economy is also influenced by the Trans-Siberian Railway, which connects the region to the rest of Russia and to Asia, and by the Port of Vladivostok, which is a major center of international trade. The region is also home to many notable research institutions, including the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, which are involved in the development of new technologies and innovations.

Demographics

The Siberian Federal District is home to a diverse population, with many different ethnic groups living in the region. The district has a population of over 20 million people, with the majority being ethnic Russians, but also including significant numbers of Buryats, Tatars, and Ukrainians. The region is also home to many notable cities, including Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, which are major centers of culture and education. The district is also home to many universities and research institutions, including the Novosibirsk State University, the Tomsk State University, and the Siberian Federal University, which are involved in the development of new technologies and innovations. The region's demographics are also influenced by the Russian migration policy, which has led to an influx of migrants from Central Asia and the Caucasus.

Administrative Divisions

The Siberian Federal District is divided into 10 federal subjects, including the Altai Krai, the Altai Republic, the Irkutsk Oblast, the Kemerovo Oblast, the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Novosibirsk Oblast, the Omsk Oblast, the Tomsk Oblast, the Tuva Republic, and the Zabaykalsky Krai. Each of these federal subjects has its own government and administration, and is responsible for the development of its own economy and infrastructure. The district is also home to many notable cities, including Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, which are major centers of culture and education. The region's administrative divisions are also influenced by the Russian federalism and the Constitution of Russia.

Politics

The Siberian Federal District is represented in the Russian government by the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of Russia, who is responsible for the development of the region's economy and infrastructure. The district is also home to many notable Russian politicians, including Vladimir Putin, who was born in Leningrad but has strong ties to the region, and Dmitry Medvedev, who has also been involved in the development of the region's economy and infrastructure. The region's politics are also influenced by the Russian political parties, including the United Russia party, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, and the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, which all have significant representation in the district. The region is also home to many notable international organizations, including the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Eurasian Economic Union, which are involved in the development of the region's economy and infrastructure.

Category:Federal districts of Russia