Moshe Lewin
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| Moshe Lewin | |
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 Andrea Graziosi with additional digital editing by Tim Davenport for Wikipedia.. · CC BY-SA 3.0 · source | |
| Name | Moshe Lewin |
| Birth date | 1921 |
| Birth place | Vilnius, Lithuania |
| Death date | 2010 |
| Death place | Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Historian |
Moshe Lewin was a renowned historian specializing in Russian history, particularly the Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union. His work was heavily influenced by Marxist theory and the ideas of Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, and Leon Trotsky. Lewin's research focused on the social and economic aspects of Russian society during the 20th century, including the Russian Civil War and the rise of Joseph Stalin. He was also interested in the Cold War and its impact on international relations, as seen in the Yalta Conference and the Potsdam Conference.
● Early Life and Education
Moshe Lewin was born in Vilnius, Lithuania, in 1921, to a family of Jewish descent. He spent his early years in Poland and later moved to France, where he studied at the University of Paris. Lewin's academic background was shaped by the works of French historians such as Albert Mathiez and Georges Lefebvre, who were known for their research on the French Revolution. He also drew inspiration from Russian historians like Pavel Milyukov and Alexander Gerschenkron, who wrote about Russian history and the Russian Empire. Lewin's education was further influenced by the ideas of Max Weber and Émile Durkheim, which he applied to his studies of Russian society and the Soviet Union.
● Career
Lewin's academic career spanned several decades and took him to various institutions, including the University of Paris, Harvard University, and the University of Pennsylvania. He was a prominent figure in the field of Russian studies and was known for his collaborations with other notable historians, such as Isaiah Berlin and Richard Pipes. Lewin's research focused on the social and economic aspects of Russian history, including the Russian peasantry and the Russian nobility. He also wrote about the Bolsheviks and the Russian Revolution, as well as the rise of Stalinism and the Soviet regime. Lewin's work was influenced by the Cold War and the Iron Curtain, which had a significant impact on international relations and the global economy.
● Major Works
Moshe Lewin's major works include The Making of the Soviet System and Russian Peasants and Soviet Power. These books are considered seminal contributions to the field of Russian studies and have been widely praised by historians such as Sheila Fitzpatrick and J. Arch Getty. Lewin's research also explored the Stalinist era and the Great Purge, as well as the Soviet economy and the Five-Year Plans. His work was influenced by the ideas of Mikhail Gorbachev and the Perestroika movement, which aimed to reform the Soviet Union and introduce glasnost and democratization. Lewin's writings also touched on the Russian Civil War and the White Army, as well as the Bolshevik Revolution and the October Revolution.
● Awards and Recognition
Throughout his career, Moshe Lewin received numerous awards and recognition for his contributions to the field of Russian studies. He was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the British Academy. Lewin's work was also recognized by the French Academy, which awarded him the Prix de la Fondation Singer-Polignac. His research was supported by institutions such as the Rockefeller Foundation and the Ford Foundation, which provided funding for his projects on Russian history and the Soviet Union. Lewin's legacy continues to be felt in the field of Russian studies, with his work influencing historians such as Orlando Figes and Dominic Lieven.
● Personal Life
Moshe Lewin passed away in 2010 in Paris, France, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship and research on Russian history and the Soviet Union. His personal life was marked by his experiences as a Jewish immigrant in France and his involvement in the French Resistance during World War II. Lewin's interests extended beyond Russian studies to include French history and the French Revolution, as well as European history and the Cold War. He was also interested in the United States and the American economy, particularly the New Deal and the Great Depression. Lewin's work continues to be studied by historians and scholars around the world, including those at the University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, and Columbia University.