House of Savoy

House of Savoy. The House of Savoy is a royal house that originated in the County of Savoy and went on to rule the Duchy of Savoy, the Kingdom of Sardinia, and eventually the Kingdom of Italy. The family's history is closely tied to that of Italy, France, and Switzerland, with notable figures such as Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, and Victor Emmanuel III playing important roles in shaping European history. The House of Savoy has also been connected to other royal families, including the House of Habsburg and the House of Bourbon, through marriages and alliances, such as the marriage of Princess Maria Pia of Savoy to King Luís I of Portugal.

● History of

the House of Savoy The history of the House of Savoy is complex and spans over a thousand years, with the family's earliest known ancestor being Humbert I, Count of Savoy. The family's rise to power began in the 11th century, with Amadeus I, Count of Savoy and Humbert II, Count of Savoy expanding the family's territories through strategic marriages and military campaigns, including the Battle of Susa. The House of Savoy also played a significant role in the Crusades, with Amadeus III, Count of Savoy participating in the Second Crusade and Thomas I, Count of Savoy in the Third Crusade. The family's connections to other royal families, such as the House of Capet and the House of Plantagenet, were also established during this period, with marriages like that of Beatrice of Savoy to Manfred III, Marquess of Saluzzo.

● Origins and Rise to Power

The origins of the House of Savoy can be traced back to the County of Savoy, which was established in the 11th century by Humbert I, Count of Savoy. The family's rise to power was facilitated by strategic marriages, such as the marriage of Adelaide of Susa to Humbert I, Count of Savoy, and military campaigns, including the Battle of Asti. The House of Savoy also established alliances with other powerful families, such as the House of Este and the House of Visconti, through marriages like that of Violante of Savoy to Ludovico Visconti. The family's connections to the Holy Roman Empire were also established during this period, with Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy being invested as a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire by Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor.

● Kingdom of Sardinia and Italian Unification

The House of Savoy played a significant role in the Unification of Italy, with Victor Emmanuel II becoming the first King of Italy in 1861. The family's rise to power in Italy was facilitated by the Congress of Vienna and the Treaty of Turin, which established the Kingdom of Sardinia as a major power in Italy. The House of Savoy also established alliances with other European powers, such as the United Kingdom and France, through marriages like that of Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy to Prince Napoléon. The family's connections to the Papal States were also significant, with Pope Pius IX playing a major role in the Unification of Italy.

● Kingdom of Italy and World War

I The House of Savoy continued to play a significant role in Italian politics during World War I, with Victor Emmanuel III serving as King of Italy from 1900 to 1946. The family's connections to other European royal families, such as the House of Hohenzollern and the House of Romanov, were also significant during this period, with marriages like that of Princess Jolanda of Savoy to Giorgio Carlo Calvi, Count of Bergolo. The House of Savoy also established alliances with other European powers, such as the Triple Entente, through treaties like the Treaty of London. The family's role in World War I was significant, with Italy declaring war on Austria-Hungary in 1915 and Victor Emmanuel III serving as commander-in-chief of the Italian army.

● World War II and

the Italian Republic The House of Savoy's role in World War II was complex, with Victor Emmanuel III serving as King of Italy and Benito Mussolini as Duce of Italy. The family's connections to the Axis powers were significant, with Italy declaring war on France and the United Kingdom in 1940. The House of Savoy also established alliances with other European powers, such as the Allies, through treaties like the Armistice of Cassibile. The family's role in the Italian Resistance was also significant, with Princess Maria José of Savoy playing a major role in the resistance movement. The Italian constitutional referendum, 1946 marked the end of the monarchy and the establishment of the Italian Republic, with Enrico De Nicola serving as the first President of Italy.

● Titles and Legacy

The House of Savoy has held numerous titles throughout its history, including Duke of Savoy, King of Sardinia, and King of Italy. The family's legacy is complex, with some viewing them as heroes of Italian unification and others as symbols of monarchy and oppression. The House of Savoy has also been connected to numerous cultural and artistic institutions, such as the Teatro Regio in Turin and the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome. The family's connections to other royal families, such as the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, continue to be significant, with marriages like that of Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy to Robert Zellinger de Balkany. The House of Savoy's legacy can be seen in numerous institutions, such as the Order of the Annunciation and the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, which continue to be awarded to this day. Category:Royal houses of Europe