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George Wallace

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Article Genealogy
Parent: The Civil Rights Movement Hop 3
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George Wallace
George Wallace
Louis Fabian Bachrach Jr. · Public domain · source
NameGeorge Wallace
Office45th Governor of Alabama
Term startJanuary 14, 1963
Term endJanuary 16, 1967
PredecessorJohn Malcolm Patterson
SuccessorLurleen Wallace

George Wallace was an American politician who served as the 45th Governor of Alabama from 1963 to 1967, and again from 1971 to 1975, and from 1983 to 1987. He is best known for his Stand in the Schoolhouse Door, where he attempted to block the integration of the University of Alabama by standing in front of the entrance to Foster Auditorium. Wallace was a prominent figure in the American Independent Party and ran for President of the United States four times, in 1964, 1968, 1972, and 1976. He was also a member of the Alabama State Legislature and served in the United States Army during World War II, where he was a staff sergeant in the United States Army Air Forces and served under General Curtis LeMay.

● Early Life and Education

George Wallace was born in Clio, Alabama, to Mozell Smith and George Corley Wallace Sr., and grew up in Barbour County, Alabama. He attended Barbour County High School and later enrolled in the University of Alabama School of Law, where he graduated in 1942. During his time at the university, he was a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity and was friends with Frank M. Johnson Jr., who later became a United States District Court judge. After graduating, Wallace served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, where he was stationed in the Pacific Theater of Operations and served under General Douglas MacArthur and General Curtis LeMay. He also met Hugo Black, a United States Supreme Court justice, who was from Ashland, Alabama, and Richard Russell Jr., a United States Senator from Georgia.

● Political Career

Wallace began his political career in the Alabama State Legislature, where he served from 1946 to 1953. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives and later served in the Alabama State Senate. During his time in the legislature, he was a supporter of Jim Folsom, the Governor of Alabama from 1947 to 1951, and John Sparkman, a United States Senator from Alabama. Wallace also worked with Bull Connor, the Public Safety Commissioner of Birmingham, Alabama, and Theophilus Eugene Connor, a United States Representative from Alabama. In 1958, Wallace ran for Governor of Alabama but lost to John Malcolm Patterson, who was supported by the Ku Klux Klan and J.B. Stoner, a white supremacist leader.

● Governor of Alabama

Wallace was elected as the Governor of Alabama in 1962, with the support of the National States' Rights Party and J.B. Stoner. During his first term, he implemented several policies, including the creation of the Alabama State Docks and the expansion of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He also appointed Lurleen Wallace, his wife, to the Alabama Public Service Commission, and Albert Boutwell, a United States Representative from Alabama, to the Birmingham City Council. In 1963, Wallace stood in the Stand in the Schoolhouse Door, where he attempted to block the integration of the University of Alabama by standing in front of the entrance to Foster Auditorium. He was confronted by Nicholas Katzenbach, the United States Deputy Attorney General, and Vivian Malone, one of the first African American students to attend the university.

● Presidential Campaigns

Wallace ran for President of the United States four times, in 1964, 1968, 1972, and 1976. In 1964, he won several Democratic Party primaries, including those in Alabama, Georgia, and Maryland. He also received support from Leander Perez, a Democratic Party leader from Louisiana, and Asa Earl Carter, a white supremacist writer. In 1968, Wallace ran as the candidate of the American Independent Party and won five states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi. He received support from Curtis LeMay, a United States Air Force general, and John Ashbrook, a United States Representative from Ohio. In 1972, Wallace was shot by Arthur Bremer while campaigning in Maryland and was paralyzed from the waist down. He continued to run for president in 1976 but lost the Democratic Party nomination to Jimmy Carter.

● Later Life and Legacy

After his last term as Governor of Alabama, Wallace retired from politics and became a Baptist minister. He also wrote an autobiography, Stand Up for America, and was the subject of a biographical film, George Wallace (film). Wallace died on September 13, 1998, at the age of 79, and was buried in the Alabama State Capitol grounds. He is remembered for his Stand in the Schoolhouse Door and his Presidential campaigns, as well as his support for segregation and white supremacy. Despite his controversial legacy, Wallace is also remembered for his populist policies and his support for the working class. He was also a friend of Huey Long, a Governor of Louisiana, and Earl Long, a Governor of Louisiana and brother of Huey Long. Category:American politicians

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