Beijing

Beijing
source
Settlement type	Capital city
Coordinates	39.9042°N 116.4074°E
Subdivision type	Country
Subdivision name	China
Subdivision type1	Municipality
Subdivision name1	Municipality of Beijing
Leader title	Mayor of Beijing
Leader name	Chen Jining
Area total km2	16405.68
Population total	21416000
Population as of	2020
Population density km2	1304
Timezone	China Standard Time
Utc offset	+8

Beijing is the capital of China, a megacity with a rich history dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, and home to numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Great Wall of China, Forbidden City, and Temple of Heaven. The city has hosted several major international events, such as the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2014 APEC China National Day, and is a major hub for Tsinghua University, Peking University, and other prestigious institutions. Beijing is also a center for Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and China Academy of Engineering, and has been visited by numerous world leaders, including Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin, and Barack Obama. The city's cultural landscape is shaped by its proximity to the Yellow River, Yangtze River, and the Grand Canal (China), and its history is marked by the influence of Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, and the Boxer Rebellion.

Geography

Beijing is situated in the northern part of the North China Plain, near the Yan Mountains and the Taihang Mountains, and is bordered by the Hebei province to the north, west, and south, and the Tianjin municipality to the southeast. The city's terrain is characterized by the presence of the Western Hills (Beijing), Jundu Mountains, and the Chaoyang District, Beijing, and its climate is influenced by the East Asian monsoon and the Siberian High. Beijing is also home to several major rivers, including the Yongding River, Chaobai River, and the Juma River, and its water supply is supplemented by the Miyun Reservoir and the Guanting Reservoir. The city's geography has been shaped by the influence of the Yellow River Delta, Bohai Sea, and the Inner Mongolia region, and has been studied by geologists from the China University of Geosciences and the Beijing Normal University.

History

The history of Beijing dates back to the 1st millennium BC, when it was a major city during the Zhou Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty, and was later the capital of the Liao Dynasty, Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), and the Yuan Dynasty. The city was also a major center during the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, and was the site of the Boxer Rebellion and the Xinhai Revolution. Beijing has been visited by numerous historical figures, including Kublai Khan, Marco Polo, and Deng Xiaoping, and has been the subject of study by historians from the Chinese Academy of History, Beijing University, and the University of California, Berkeley. The city's history is also marked by the influence of the Silk Road, Mongol Empire, and the Russian Empire, and has been shaped by the events of the Opium Wars, Taiping Rebellion, and the Chinese Civil War.

Culture

Beijing is a major cultural center, with a rich heritage of Chinese art, Chinese literature, and Chinese music, and is home to numerous museums, including the Palace Museum, National Museum of China, and the China Art Museum. The city is also a center for Chinese opera, Peking opera, and Chinese dance, and has been the site of numerous cultural festivals, including the Beijing International Film Festival and the Meet in Beijing Arts Festival. Beijing is also home to several major cultural institutions, including the China Central Academy of Fine Arts, Central Conservatory of Music, and the Beijing Dance Academy, and has been visited by numerous cultural figures, including Lang Lang, Yo-Yo Ma, and Cui Jian. The city's cultural landscape is shaped by its proximity to the Tibetan Plateau, Xinjiang, and the Inner Mongolia region, and has been influenced by the Buddhist art, Taoist art, and the Confucianism.

Economy

Beijing is a major economic center, with a strong focus on technology, finance, and industry, and is home to numerous major companies, including Lenovo, Huawei, and Baidu. The city is also a major hub for e-commerce, with companies such as JD.com and Alibaba Group having a significant presence, and is a center for biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. Beijing has been visited by numerous business leaders, including Bill Gates, Warren Buffett, and Tim Cook, and has been the site of numerous major economic events, including the APEC China 2014 and the G20 Beijing Summit. The city's economy is also influenced by its proximity to the Bohai Economic Rim, Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta, and has been shaped by the events of the Chinese economic reform, Asian financial crisis, and the Global financial crisis of 2008.

Government

Beijing is a directly controlled municipality, with a Mayor of Beijing serving as the head of the city government, and is divided into 16 districts of Beijing, including Dongcheng District, Beijing, Xicheng District, Beijing, and Chaoyang District, Beijing. The city is also home to numerous government institutions, including the State Council of the People's Republic of China, National People's Congress, and the Supreme People's Court, and has been the site of numerous major government events, including the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Beijing has been visited by numerous government leaders, including Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, and Wang Qishan, and has been the subject of study by scholars from the Chinese Academy of Governance, Beijing University, and the University of Oxford.

Transportation

Beijing is a major transportation hub, with a comprehensive network of roads, highways, and expressways, including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the China National Highway 101. The city is also home to several major airports, including Beijing Capital International Airport and Beijing Daxing International Airport, and has a well-developed public transportation system, including the Beijing Subway and the Beijing Bus. Beijing is also a major center for high-speed rail, with connections to numerous cities, including Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, and has been visited by numerous transportation experts, including Wang Mengshu and Zhao Xiaogang. The city's transportation infrastructure has been shaped by the influence of the Trans-Siberian Railway, Eurasian Land Bridge, and the Maritime Silk Road, and has been studied by scholars from the Beijing Jiaotong University and the Tsinghua University.

Education

Beijing is a major center for education, with numerous prestigious universities, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Renmin University of China, and is home to several major research institutions, including the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The city is also a hub for international education, with numerous international schools, including the Beijing International Bilingual Academy and the International School of Beijing, and has been visited by numerous education experts, including Yuan Tengfei and Qian Yingyi. Beijing's education system has been shaped by the influence of the Confucianism, Taoism, and the Buddhism, and has been studied by scholars from the Beijing Normal University and the University of California, Los Angeles. The city's education landscape is also influenced by its proximity to the Silk Road, Mongol Empire, and the Russian Empire, and has been marked by the events of the May Fourth Movement and the Chinese Civil War. Category:Cities in China