7th Army (Wehrmacht)
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7th Army (Wehrmacht) was a major formation of the Wehrmacht during World War II, established on August 25, 1939, under the command of Friedrich Dollmann. The army played a significant role in the Invasion of Poland, Battle of France, and the Western Front, often operating alongside other notable units such as the 1st Army, 6th Army, and 12th Army. The 7th Army was also involved in battles against the French Army, British Army, and United States Army, including notable engagements like the Battle of the Bulge and the Siege of Lorient.
● History
The 7th Army was formed in August 1939, with its headquarters in Munich, under the command of Friedrich Dollmann, a veteran of World War I and the Reichswehr. Initially, the army was composed of several infantry divisions, including the 215th Infantry Division, 221st Infantry Division, and 239th Infantry Division, as well as the 1st Mountain Division. The army participated in the Invasion of Poland in September 1939, advancing through Silesia and Galicia alongside the 14th Army and 10th Army. In May 1940, the 7th Army took part in the Battle of France, fighting against the French Army and British Expeditionary Force in the Battle of Sedan and the Battle of Dunkirk. The army was later involved in the Occupation of France, with its headquarters in Bordeaux, and was responsible for securing the Atlantic Wall and English Channel coast.
● Organization
The 7th Army was a major formation of the Wehrmacht, consisting of several corps and divisions. The army was organized into several infantry corps, including the XIII Corps, LXXXIV Corps, and LXXXIX Corps, as well as the XIV Corps and XXV Corps. The army also included several panzer divisions, such as the 21st Panzer Division and 116th Panzer Division, as well as the 2nd SS Panzer Division and 9th SS Panzer Division. The 7th Army was supported by various Luftwaffe units, including the III Fliegerkorps and V Fliegerkorps, as well as the Kriegsmarine's Marinegruppenkommando West.
● Commanders
The 7th Army had several notable commanders throughout its history, including Friedrich Dollmann, who led the army during the Invasion of Poland and Battle of France. In 1940, Fedor von Bock took command of the army, leading it during the Occupation of France and the Battle of the Atlantic. Later, the army was commanded by Heinrich Eberbach, who led it during the Battle of Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge. Other notable commanders of the 7th Army included Erwin Rommel, who commanded the army during the North African Campaign, and Gerd von Rundstedt, who led the army during the Western Front campaign.
● Operations
The 7th Army participated in several major operations during World War II, including the Invasion of Poland, Battle of France, and the Western Front campaign. The army was involved in the Battle of Normandy, fighting against the Allies in the Battle of Omaha Beach and the Battle of Cherbourg. The 7th Army also took part in the Battle of the Bulge, fighting against the United States Army and British Army in the Ardennes region. In addition, the army was involved in the Siege of Lorient and the Siege of Saint-Malo, as well as the Battle of the Atlantic and the Battle of the English Channel.
● Order of Battle
The 7th Army's order of battle varied throughout its history, but it typically consisted of several corps and divisions. In 1940, the army's order of battle included the XIII Corps, LXXXIV Corps, and LXXXIX Corps, as well as the 215th Infantry Division, 221st Infantry Division, and 239th Infantry Division. In 1944, the army's order of battle included the XIV Corps, XXV Corps, and the 21st Panzer Division, as well as the 2nd SS Panzer Division and 9th SS Panzer Division. The army was supported by various Luftwaffe units, including the III Fliegerkorps and V Fliegerkorps, as well as the Kriegsmarine's Marinegruppenkommando West and the SS's I SS Panzer Corps.