1960 United States Census
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| 1960 United States Census | |
|---|---|
 Original: United States Bureau of the Census Vector: Mysid · Public domain · source | |
| Title | 1960 United States Census |
| Country | United States |
| Date | April 1, 1960 |
| Total population | 179,323,175 |
| Percent change | 18.5% |
| Most populous state | New York |
| Least populous state | Alaska |
1960 United States Census was the 18th United States Census conducted by the United States Census Bureau. The census was taken on April 1, 1960, and it recorded a total population of 179,323,175, which was an increase of 18.5% from the 1950 United States Census. The most populous state was New York, with a population of over 16 million, while the least populous state was Alaska, with a population of just over 226,000. The census was overseen by Robert C. Cook, the Director of the United States Census Bureau, and it played a crucial role in shaping the country's National Institutes of Health-funded research and NASA-sponsored projects.
● Introduction
The 1960 United States Census was a significant event in the country's history, as it marked a major shift in the nation's demographics and population growth. The census was conducted during a time of great social and economic change, with the Civil Rights Movement gaining momentum and the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union intensifying. The census data was used by researchers such as Daniel Patrick Moynihan and Nathan Glazer to study the social and economic trends of the time, and it informed the work of policymakers like John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. The census also had a significant impact on the work of organizations like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the American Civil Liberties Union.
● Background
The 1960 United States Census was authorized by the United States Congress through the Census Act of 1954, which mandated that a census be taken every 10 years. The census was conducted by the United States Census Bureau, which was led by Robert C. Cook and included notable demographers like Philip Hauser and Conrad Taeuber. The bureau worked closely with other government agencies, such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Social Security Administration, to collect and analyze the data. The census also relied on the work of statisticians like W. Edwards Deming and Jerome Cornfield, who developed new methods for data analysis and sampling.
● Data Collection
The data collection process for the 1960 United States Census involved a combination of traditional methods, such as door-to-door interviews, and new technologies, such as IBM computers and UNIVAC machines. The census bureau used a sample of over 25% of the population to collect detailed information on demographics, housing, and employment, and it worked with organizations like the National Opinion Research Center and the Gallup Organization to conduct surveys and gather data. The census also relied on the work of researchers like Paul Lazarsfeld and Samuel Stouffer, who developed new methods for survey research and data analysis.
● Results
The results of the 1960 United States Census showed significant changes in the country's demographics and population growth. The population of the United States had increased by 18.5% since the 1950 United States Census, with the largest gains in the Sun Belt states like California and Florida. The census also showed significant shifts in the population's age, sex, and racial composition, with an increase in the proportion of African Americans and Hispanics in the population. The results were used by researchers like Daniel Bell and Seymour Lipset to study the social and economic trends of the time, and they informed the work of policymakers like Hubert Humphrey and Nelson Rockefeller.
● Significance
The 1960 United States Census had significant implications for the country's social and economic policies, as it provided a detailed picture of the population's demographics and needs. The census data was used to inform the development of programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and it played a crucial role in shaping the country's Great Society programs. The census also had a significant impact on the work of organizations like the National Urban League and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, which used the data to advocate for the rights of minority groups. The census data was also used by researchers like James Q. Wilson and Edward Banfield to study the social and economic trends of the time.
● Historical Context
The 1960 United States Census was conducted during a time of great social and economic change in the United States. The census took place during the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower and the early years of the John F. Kennedy administration, and it was influenced by the major events of the time, including the Civil Rights Movement and the Space Race. The census data was used by researchers and policymakers to understand the social and economic trends of the time, and it played a crucial role in shaping the country's policies and programs. The census also had a significant impact on the work of organizations like the American Sociological Association and the Population Association of America, which used the data to study the social and economic trends of the time. The census data was also used by researchers like Karl Deutsch and Chandra Mukerji to study the social and economic trends of the time, and it informed the work of policymakers like George McGovern and Walter Mondale.