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| Youth Migration Service | |
|---|---|
| Name | Youth Migration Service |
| Formation | 20th century |
| Type | Service organization |
| Headquarters | Varies by country |
| Region served | International |
Youth Migration Service Youth Migration Service provides targeted assistance to adolescents and young adults undergoing geographic relocation, often linked to programs like United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, International Organization for Migration, UNICEF, European Commission, and national agencies. It coordinates with institutions such as World Bank, International Labour Organization, UNESCO, European Union, and bilateral donors to integrate beneficiaries into communities via pathways connected to ILO Youth Employment Inventory, Erasmus+, UN Global Compact, Commonwealth of Nations, and regional development banks. Service models draw on precedents in programs run by Save the Children, Médecins Sans Frontières, Red Cross, UNHCR's Youth Initiative, Mercy Corps, and municipal efforts in cities like London, Sydney, Toronto, and Berlin.
Programs labeled Youth Migration Service operate at intersections of migration policy and youth welfare, engaging with agencies such as Department of Homeland Security, Home Office (United Kingdom), Australian Department of Home Affairs, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, Deutsche Bundesagentur für Arbeit, and the European Asylum Support Office. They liaise with non-governmental organizations including Plan International, CARE International, OXFAM, International Rescue Committee, and foundations such as the Ford Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, and Gates Foundation. Operational frameworks reference international instruments like the 1951 Refugee Convention, Convention on the Rights of the Child, and regional charters from the African Union, Organisation of American States, and Council of Europe.
Origins trace to postwar resettlement initiatives involving United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, International Refugee Organization, and migration schemes like the Displaced Persons Act. Cold War-era movements prompted involvement by UNICEF and agencies affiliated with Council of Europe youth programs. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, responses evolved alongside policies from European Commission Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs, US Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, and regional accords like the Dublin Regulation. Milestones include collaborations with Erasmus Mundus, adoption of standards from ILO, and project funding through European Social Fund and multilateral initiatives spearheaded by United Nations Development Programme.
Services often encompass case management, psychosocial support, language acquisition, and vocational training, developed in coordination with institutions such as World Health Organization, UNFPA, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, ILO Youth Employment Program, and national ministries like Ministry of Education (various countries). Operational links include referral networks with Juvenile Justice systems, Child Welfare Services, and municipal agencies in cities like New York City, Paris, Madrid, and Amsterdam. Programs incorporate digital tools from partners such as Microsoft, Google, UN Global Pulse, and civil society platforms like YouthBuild, Right to Play, and Ashoka.
Eligibility criteria typically reference status under instruments like the 1951 Refugee Convention, temporary protection directives from the European Commission, and national statutes such as the Immigration and Nationality Act or equivalent. Intake processes use assessments aligned with standards from UNHCR, IOM, Child Protection Working Group, and national agencies including Department for Education (UK), Australian Department of Social Services, Canadian Ministry of Children and Youth Services, and Federal Ministry of Family Affairs (Germany). Screening often involves coordination with healthcare providers like NHS England, Medicare (Australia), and NGOs such as Doctors Without Borders.
Employment initiatives engage employers and industry bodies such as Confederation of British Industry, Australian Industry Group, Business Council of Canada, Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, and chambers of commerce in cities like Brussels, Zurich, and Singapore. Vocational curricula draw on accreditation from institutions like City and Guilds, TESDA (Philippines), Technical and Further Education (TAFE), European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop), and universities including University of Oxford, Harvard University, University of Tokyo, University of Cape Town, and McGill University for research partnerships. Apprenticeship models link with programs under Erasmus+, Youth Guarantee, and corporate social responsibility initiatives from corporations such as Unilever, Siemens, Toyota, and Accenture.
Funding streams combine contributions from multilateral donors like the European Investment Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Nordic Development Fund, and bilateral aid agencies such as USAID, DFID, Australian Agency for International Development, Global Affairs Canada, and German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. Partnerships extend to philanthropic partners including Open Society Foundations and Wellcome Trust, and to municipal collaborations with entities like City of Melbourne, City of Toronto, and Greater London Authority. Monitoring and evaluation frameworks reference methodologies from World Bank, OECD, IMF, and research institutions like Brookings Institution and RAND Corporation.
Impact assessments cite outcomes reported by think tanks and universities including Migration Policy Institute, Institute for Public Policy Research, Chatham House, London School of Economics, Sciences Po, Australian National University, University of Toronto and NGOs like Refugee Council. Criticisms raised by advocacy groups such as Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, European Council on Refugees and Exiles, and scholars at King's College London include concerns about bureaucratic barriers, reliance on precarious funding from entities like European Social Fund and USAID, and tensions with national policies exemplified by cases in Greece, Italy, United States, and Australia. Debates involve legal interpretations of instruments like the European Convention on Human Rights and policy debates in forums including UN General Assembly and International Court of Justice.
Category:Migration services