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| World Meteorological Day | |
|---|---|
| Name | World Meteorological Day |
| Caption | Commemorative graphic for an annual theme |
| Observedby | United Nations, World Meteorological Organization, World Health Organization, European Union |
| Date | 23 March |
| Duration | 1 day |
| Frequency | Annual |
| Firsttime | 1950s |
| Significance | Anniversary of the coming into force of the World Meteorological Organization Convention |
World Meteorological Day World Meteorological Day commemorates the entry into force of the Convention of the World Meteorological Organization on 23 March and is observed annually by national meteorological and hydrological services, intergovernmental bodies, scientific academies and humanitarian agencies. The day is marked by themed campaigns, public outreach and technical symposia involving stakeholders such as the United Nations Development Programme, UNESCO, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Green Climate Fund and major research institutions like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.
The observance traces to the founding of the World Meteorological Organization successor to the International Meteorological Organization following the World Meteorological Congress and the United Nations endorsement of the WMO Convention, which entered into force in the 1950s. Early celebrations involved collaborations among agencies such as the Royal Meteorological Society, the American Meteorological Society, the China Meteorological Administration, the India Meteorological Department, the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. During the Cold War era institutions like the Soviet Academy of Sciences, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, European Space Agency and Joint Research Centre (European Commission) contributed to exchanges on data sharing, while landmark meetings at the Geneva headquarters drew representatives from the United Kingdom Met Office, Météo-France, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Met Éireann and the Canadian Meteorological Centre.
Over decades the observance expanded to include international science programs such as the World Climate Research Programme, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Global Atmosphere Watch, Climate and Clean Air Coalition, Global Earth Observing System of Systems and initiatives by the International Council for Science and the International Oceanographic Commission.
The annual purpose is to raise awareness about meteorology, climatology and hydrology through thematic foci that have included topics championed by organizations like the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Green Climate Fund, the United Nations Environment Programme, the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization. Themes have addressed hazards monitored by the National Hurricane Center, Joint Typhoon Warning Center, European Severe Storms Laboratory and disaster agencies such as the International Committee of the Red Cross. Focus areas have spanned atmospheric composition work at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, cryosphere research at the Scott Polar Research Institute, oceanography at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and remote sensing from platforms managed by NASA and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites.
Themes also promote partnerships among the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and humanitarian networks including UNICEF and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
Observances include conferences at the United Nations Office at Geneva, exhibitions at universities such as University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Peking University and University of Cape Town, workshops hosted by the African Centre of Meteorological Applications for Development, the Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology, the Pacific Islands Meteorological Services and national services like the Korea Meteorological Administration. Activities also feature public lectures by scholars from the Max Planck Society, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences and policy briefings for legislators in bodies like the European Parliament, United States Congress, Lok Sabha and Bundestag.
Educational campaigns use materials produced by the World Meteorological Organization Secretariat together with partners such as the BBC, National Geographic Society, The Guardian (newspaper), Science (journal), Nature (journal), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and museums including the Smithsonian Institution.
Key international organizations participating include the World Meteorological Organization, United Nations, World Health Organization, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Group on Earth Observations, World Bank, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization and regional bodies such as the African Union, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, European Union and Caribbean Community. National services range from the United States National Weather Service to the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Argentina), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Mexico) and the Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Geofísica (Mozambique). Academic partners include the Imperial College London, ETH Zurich, University of Tokyo, University of Oxford, Columbia University and University of Melbourne.
Private-sector and NGO collaborators encompass corporations and organizations such as The Weather Company, IBM, Google, Microsoft, Climate Action Network, World Wide Fund for Nature, Greenpeace International and the Rockefeller Foundation.
Observances have reinforced international data exchange protocols embodied in the WMO's Global Telecommunication System, contributed to forecasting advances at centers like the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and supported early warning systems used by agencies including the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre and national emergency services. World Meteorological Day has catalyzed policy dialogue linking the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessments to finance decisions by the Green Climate Fund and development planning by the United Nations Development Programme and the World Bank. Scientific legacies include improved climate models at institutions such as the Met Office Hadley Centre, NCAR, CERFACS and satellite missions by NASA, ESA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.
Notable campaigns and events connected to the observance include multinational projects like the Global Framework for Climate Services, the launch of the Global Atmosphere Watch programs, regional initiatives such as Climate Services for Resilient Development in the Small Island Developing States and public campaigns coordinated with media outlets like BBC Weather and The Weather Channel. Special commemorations have accompanied major reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, international conferences such as the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC, high-level panels at the United Nations General Assembly, and collaborative exercises like the Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan reviews and humanitarian preparedness drills with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
Category:Observances