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| União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas | |
|---|---|
| Name | União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas |
| Native name | União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas |
| Abbreviation | UBES |
| Formation | 1937 |
| Type | Student organization |
| Headquarters | São Paulo |
| Region served | Brazil |
União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas is a Brazilian national student organization representing secondary school students across Brazil, historically active in social movements and public policy debates. Founded in the 20th century, the organization has interacted with major political actors and social movements, participating in demonstrations alongside labor unions, human rights groups, and student federations. It has engaged with figures and institutions from across Latin America and Europe while influencing debates in Brasília, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and other Brazilian states.
The organization's origins trace to mobilizations that paralleled events involving Getúlio Vargas, the Estado Novo (Brazil), and student movements influenced by international trends such as the May 1968 events and Mexican Movement of 1968. During the era of the Brazilian military government (1964–1985), activists faced repression comparable to cases involving Torture in Brazil, the Comissão Nacional da Verdade, and confrontations with security forces linked to the Diretório Acadêmico networks. In the return to democracy, the organization engaged with political parties including the Brazilian Democratic Movement, the Workers' Party (Brazil), and civil society coalitions tied to the Landless Workers' Movement and Central Única dos Trabalhadores. Internationally, it cultivated ties with groups such as Confédération étudiante organizations in France, the European Students' Union, and student federations from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Portugal, and the African National Congress-linked youth structures.
The national structure includes a national congress and state chapters modeled on representative assemblies similar to those of the National Union of Students (Brazil), federations like the Fédération syndicale in Europe, and youth wings of parties such as the Socialist Youth (Portugal). Leadership roles emulate structures found in organizations like the United Nations's youth programs and the International Union of Students. Decision-making processes reference practices from bodies comparable to the Cartola-era cultural collectives and the Movimento Passe Livre assemblies, while finances have been scrutinized in ways reminiscent of nonprofit oversight cases involving the World Bank and philanthropic foundations.
Typical campaigns address school infrastructure, curriculum debates, and student rights, aligning actions with groups such as the Conselho Nacional de Educação, municipal education secretariats in São Paulo (city), and civil society actors like the Instituto de Estudos Socioeconômicos (INESC). Campaigns have included nationwide strikes, public forums echoing tactics used by the May 68 protests, and alliances with labor strikes involving unions like Sindicato dos Professores. The organization has engaged in electoral mobilization comparable to efforts by the Ação da Cidade, voter registration drives inspired by campaigns like those of Rock the Vote, and policy advocacy referencing the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional debates.
Politically, the organization has expressed positions on issues linked to administrations such as those of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, and Jair Bolsonaro, often aligning with progressive coalitions and social movements including the Movimento Passe Livre and environmental campaigns akin to those of Greenpeace. It has participated in coalitions with student federations and youth wings of parties like the Partido dos Trabalhadores and Partido Socialismo e Liberdade, influencing municipal and federal education policy debates in venues such as the National Congress of Brazil and state legislatures. The organization's influence has intersected with media outlets comparable to Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo, and alternative presses linked to the Esquerda Diário network.
Notable mobilizations include participation in demonstrations during national crises reminiscent of the Diretas Já movement, large-scale school strikes comparable to events in Chile (2011–2013 protests), and involvement in protests against austerity measures similar to those seen across Europe during the 2010s protests. It has coordinated actions during major national protests in cities like Brasília, Salvador, Bahia, Porto Alegre, and Recife, and has engaged in international solidarity events connected to causes in Palestine, Venezuela, and Argentina.
Membership comprises secondary students across state chapters in São Paulo (state), Rio de Janeiro (state), Minas Gerais, Bahia, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and the Federal District (Brazil), with local councils in municipal school networks similar to student councils in Lisbon and Buenos Aires. Chapters coordinate with municipal education secretariats, teacher unions like the Union of Teachers, and campus collectives modeled on organizations such as the National Union of Students (United Kingdom). International exchanges have involved delegations to events hosted by the Latin American Federation of Students and meetings with youth delegations from Cuba and Mexico.
The organization has faced controversies involving alleged politicization comparable to debates around the Student protests in Chile, disputes over internal governance similar to those seen in municipal party youth wings, and clashes with authorities echoing incidents involving Polícia Militar (Brazil). Criticism has also touched on financial transparency issues reminiscent of nonprofit scrutiny involving international NGOs, factional disputes akin to those within the Workers' Party (Brazil), and legal challenges handled in courts such as the Supreme Federal Court (Brazil) and state tribunals. Public debates have appeared in media outlets like Folha de S.Paulo, O Estado de S. Paulo, and alternative platforms similar to Brasil de Fato.
Category:Student organizations in Brazil