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| Sisi administration | |
|---|---|
| Name | Sisi administration |
| Formation | 2014 |
| Preceding | Mohamed Morsi |
| Jurisdiction | Egypt |
| Chief executive | Abdel Fattah el-Sisi |
| Status | Active |
Sisi administration is the term commonly used to describe the executive leadership centered on Abdel Fattah el-Sisi following the 2013 removal of Mohamed Morsi and formal inauguration in 2014. The period is marked by a consolidation of authority involving the Egyptian Armed Forces, the Ministry of Interior (Egypt), and allied political movements, while engaging regional actors such as Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Russia in strategic partnerships. The administration has pursued large-scale infrastructure, security campaigns, and economic reforms, provoking debate among international organizations including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International.
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, formerly Minister of Defense and commander of the Egyptian Republican Guard, played a central role in the 2013 overthrow of President Mohamed Morsi amid mass protests linked to the 2011 Egyptian revolution and the aftermath of the Arab Spring. The removal was supported by segments of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and endorsed in political maneuvers involving figures from the National Salvation Front (Egypt), the Free Egyptians Party, and remnants of the National Democratic Party (Egypt). Following Morsi’s ouster, a transitional roadmap overseen by caretaker leaders paved the way for a 2014 presidential election in which el-Sisi contested against candidates such as Hamdeen Sabahi and secured victory with backing from business elites, state institutions, and international partners like United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia.
The administration restructured state institutions, emphasizing centralized control through the Presidency of Egypt and security apparatuses including the Central Security Forces and the General Intelligence Directorate (Egypt). Legislative change involved the Egyptian Parliament (House of Representatives) and amendments to the Constitution of Egypt (2014), which expanded presidential powers and reset term limits. The administration cultivated alliances with parties such as the Nation's Future Party and incorporated figures from the Al-Wafd Party into governance coalitions. Administrative appointments often drew from military backgrounds and technocratic circles, while public enterprises and institutions like the Administrative Capital for Urban Development became focal points for policy implementation.
Economic strategy emphasized macroeconomic stabilization programs negotiated with institutions like the International Monetary Fund and bilateral partners such as Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait. Reforms included subsidy rationalization, currency flotation tied to the Central Bank of Egypt, and tax measures affecting the Ministry of Finance (Egypt). High-profile projects comprised expansion of the Suez Canal and construction of the new New Administrative Capital (Egypt), development schemes in the Sinai Peninsula, and energy initiatives involving the Zohr gas field and partnerships with firms such as Rosneft, BP, and Eni. Investment drives engaged sovereign funds including the Saudi Public Investment Fund and initiatives linking to the Belt and Road Initiative through China.
Human rights organizations including Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and reports by the United Nations Human Rights Council have criticized mass trials, emergency laws, and restrictions on media outlets such as Al Jazeera and independent broadcasters. Crackdowns targeted groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and activists associated with the April 6 Youth Movement, leading to convictions, asset freezes, and dissolutions of NGOs under statutes like the Law on Associations and Community Organizations. Journalists from outlets including Al-Masry Al-Youm and CNN faced detentions, while civil society leaders interacted with UN mechanisms and the European Parliament in advocacy and condemnation.
Counterterrorism operations concentrated on insurgencies in North Sinai against militants affiliated with groups such as Wilayat Sinai and networks linked to ISIS. The Egyptian military, including formations drawn from the Egyptian Army and the Air Force (Egypt), conducted operations often coordinated with the Ministry of Interior (Egypt) and United States Central Command assistance programs, while procuring equipment from suppliers like France and Russia. The administration justified expanded security measures through emergency declarations and state-of-emergency legislation, emphasizing protection of infrastructure such as the Suez Canal Economic Zone and tourism sites like Giza pyramid complex.
Foreign policy balanced ties between Western states and regional powers. Relations with United States involved military aid and strategic dialogue, while access to Russian arms and diplomatic engagement with Russia deepened through accords and energy deals. The administration played active roles in regional issues including the Libya conflict, mediation around the Gaza Strip and relations with Israel marked by security coordination, and involvement in the Yemeni Civil War through alignment with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Multilateral engagement included participation in the African Union and investment diplomacy with China.
Public opinion remained polarized among supporters emphasizing stability and opponents citing repression. State-aligned media outlets such as Al-Ahram and privatized broadcasters contrasted with dissident platforms and diaspora voices. Opposition actors ranged from banned movements like the Muslim Brotherhood to parliamentary opponents including Karim Al-Ganzouri affiliates and independent activists who engaged with international forums like the European Parliament and the United Nations Human Rights Council. Elections under the administration, including presidential and parliamentary contests, were monitored by observers from organizations such as the African Union and criticized by groups including Human Rights Watch for restrictions on political freedoms.