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| Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development (Argentina) | |
|---|---|
| Name | Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development |
| Native name | Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable |
| Formed | 1991 |
| Jurisdiction | Argentina |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires |
| Parent agency | Presidency of Argentina |
Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development (Argentina) is the national authority responsible for environmental policy, biodiversity conservation, pollution control, and sustainable development in Argentina. It operates within the Presidency of Argentina framework, interacting with provincial authorities such as Buenos Aires Province, international organizations like the United Nations Environment Programme and the Organization of American States, and civil society groups including Greenpeace and Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina. The Secretariat coordinates with entities such as the Ministry of Health (Argentina), the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (Argentina), and the National Institute of Agricultural Technology.
The Secretariat was created amid the 1990s environmental policy consolidation in Argentina influenced by regional developments like the 1992 Earth Summit and multilateral processes involving the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Biological Diversity. Early administrations engaged with institutions such as the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the European Union to fund programs addressing deforestation in the Gran Chaco and wetlands conservation in the Iberá Wetlands. During the 2000s it worked with the Mercosur environmental agenda and responded to crises exemplified by pollution incidents near Riachuelo in Buenos Aires. Political changes affected its status, with cabinet reorganizations involving the Presidency of Argentina and links to ministries such as the Ministry of Economy (Argentina) and the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Argentina).
The Secretariat's mandate derives from national legislation including laws enacted by the National Congress of Argentina and policies set by the Presidency of Argentina, covering biodiversity under the Convention on Biological Diversity, climate policy under the Paris Agreement, and chemical safety aligned with the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. It formulates national strategies that intersect with agencies like the National Scientific and Technical Research Council and the Secretary of Energy (Argentina), oversees protected areas identified with the National Parks Administration (Argentina), and implements programs funded by multilateral partners such as the Global Environment Facility. It also provides technical guidance to provincial ministries in Córdoba Province, Santa Fe Province, and Mendoza Province.
The Secretariat is composed of directorates and units that coordinate with institutions like the Argentine Naval Prefecture for maritime pollution, the National Meteorological Service for climate monitoring, and the National Institute of Industrial Technology for emissions standards. Internal divisions address biodiversity, climate change, environmental impact assessment, and waste management, liaising with academic partners such as the University of Buenos Aires and the National University of La Plata. Regional offices engage provincial agencies including the Government of Patagonia and municipal authorities such as the Government of the City of Buenos Aires. Advisory bodies include representatives from NGOs like World Wildlife Fund and unions represented by organizations such as the Confederación General del Trabajo.
The Secretariat develops policies on climate mitigation and adaptation consistent with submissions to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and national commitments under the Paris Agreement. Programs target deforestation reduction in the Gran Chaco and Yungas, wetlands restoration in the Iberá Wetlands, urban air quality in Buenos Aires, and marine conservation in the Argentine Sea coordinating with the National Fisheries Secretariat. Initiatives include payment for ecosystem services, biodiversity action plans aligned with the Convention on Biological Diversity, and pollution remediation projects funded by the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. It has implemented outreach with educational institutions like the National Institute of Teachers Training and civil society networks including Red Ambiental de América Latina.
Regulatory functions involve environmental impact assessments under laws passed by the National Congress of Argentina and enforcement actions coordinated with the Federal Police (Argentina) and the Procuración del Tesoro de la Nación. The Secretariat issues norms and guidelines that intersect with standards set by the International Maritime Organization for marine pollution and with chemical control regimes like the Basel Convention. It collaborates with provincial prosecutor offices and courts such as the Supreme Court of Argentina on compliance disputes, and refers serious cases to agencies including the Federal Administration of Public Revenues when economic sanctions or seizures are required.
International engagement includes participation in the United Nations Environment Programme, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and regional frameworks such as Mercosur environmental working groups and the Union of South American Nations dialogues. The Secretariat negotiates and implements bilateral and multilateral agreements with partners including the European Union, United States, Brazil, and multilateral financers like the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. It represents Argentina in conventions such as the Ramsar Convention for wetlands, the CITES for trade in endangered species, and the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
Funding sources include allocations from the national budget approved by the National Congress of Argentina, project financing from international institutions such as the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the Global Environment Facility, and partnerships with private foundations like the Ford Foundation and corporate agreements with entities in the energy sector and agribusiness. Budgetary oversight involves the Ministry of Economy (Argentina) and audits by the Auditoría General de la Nación, while financing instruments have included trust funds, technical cooperation agreements with the United Nations Development Programme, and co-financing arrangements with provincial governments in Salta Province and Formosa Province.
Category:Environmental agencies of Argentina