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| SISBEN | |
|---|---|
| Name | SISBEN |
| Established | 1994 |
| Country | Colombia |
| Type | Social targeting instrument |
| Administered by | Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística; Departamento para la Prosperidad Social |
SISBEN SISBEN is a Colombian social targeting system created to identify and classify households for public programs. It interfaces with institutions such as the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, Departamento para la Prosperidad Social, and regional administrations in Bogotá, Antioquia, and Valle del Cauca. SISBEN's lists and scores influence eligibility for programs like Familias en Acción, Jóvenes en Acción, and health subsidies administered through networks including Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, Red Hospitalaria, and municipal secretariats in cities like Cali, Medellín, and Barranquilla.
SISBEN originated in the 1990s amid policy debates involving the Constituent Assembly of 1991, the Presidency of Ernesto Samper, and ministers such as those in the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. Early implementation engaged organizations including the Banco Mundial, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, and Colombian agencies like the Departamento Nacional de Planeación and Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público. Pilot projects ran in departments such as Cundinamarca, Atlántico, and Santander while academic partners from Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidad de los Andes, and Universidad Javeriana contributed methodological reviews. Legal frameworks intersected with rulings from the Corte Constitucional de Colombia and statutes debated in the Congreso de la República de Colombia.
SISBEN's purpose is to classify households to prioritize beneficiaries for social programs including subsidies by the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar and conditional cash transfers like Familias en Acción. It supports policy instruments administered by entities such as the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Ministerio de Educación Nacional, and local secretariats in Bogotá D.C., Cali, and Medellín. SISBEN data are used by development partners including the Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo, UNICEF, and Organización Panamericana de la Salud for planning. Courts such as the Consejo de Estado and the Corte Suprema de Justicia have adjudicated disputes over lists and eligibility.
The methodology combines household surveys designed by teams linked to Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística and academic centers like Universidad de Antioquia and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Questionnaires draw on standards from bodies such as the Banco Mundial and the Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos adapted for Colombian contexts including La Guajira and Chocó. Scoring uses variables related to housing, assets, and employment framed against census data from the Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda and registries such as Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. Statistical techniques reference methods used by institutions like International Labour Organization researchers and economists from Fedesarrollo and Universidad del Rosario.
Administration involves coordination among national agencies including the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, Departamento para la Prosperidad Social, and the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, plus territorial authorities in Antioquia, Caldas, and Nariño. Oversight and audits have engaged the Procuraduría General de la Nación, Contraloría General de la República, and the Consejo Nacional de Política Económica y Social. Partnerships with international lenders such as the Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo and Banco Mundial have shaped governance reforms. Local implementation often rests with municipal secretariats and entities like Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar offices and regional planning departments.
SISBEN has enabled targeting for programs including Jóvenes en Acción, Devolución del IVA, and health subsidies coordinated with entities like EPS providers and Red Hospitalaria. Studies by think tanks such as Fedesarollo, CEDE at Universidad de los Andes, and DANE reports show mixed results on poverty reduction comparable with evaluations by the World Bank and Inter-American Development Bank. Criticisms have come from representatives in the Congreso de la República de Colombia, unions like CUT, NGOs such as Fundación Corona, and legal challenges in the Corte Constitucional de Colombia concerning exclusion errors, incentive distortions raised by researchers at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, and data quality issues highlighted by the Contraloría General de la República. High-profile debates involved mayors from Bogotá and governors from Antioquia and Valle del Cauca.
Reforms in the 2000s and 2010s engaged analysts from Banco Mundial, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, and academic groups at Universidad de los Andes and Universidad del Rosario. Updates have introduced digital registration, interoperability with registries like Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil and the Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda, and technical adjustments overseen by Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Pilot interoperable platforms referenced practices from Chile and Perú social registries and consulted organizations such as UNICEF and PNUD. Legislative changes considered by the Congreso de la República de Colombia and jurisprudence from the Corte Constitucional de Colombia influenced procedural safeguards and appeals mechanisms.
Regional implementations vary: departments like Atlántico, Chocó, Huila, and Casanare operate decentralized registries tied to municipal secretariats, while metropolitan areas such as Bogotá, Medellín, and Cali integrate SISBEN with local social policies from offices of mayors and governors. Programs using SISBEN include Familias en Acción, Jóvenes en Acción, Devolución del IVA, health subsidy schemes tied to EPS networks, and housing initiatives partnered with entities such as the Fondo Nacional del Ahorro and regional housing authorities in Cartagena and Bucaramanga. International cooperation with Banco Mundial, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, UNICEF, and PNUD has supported capacity building in departments including Boyacá, Meta, and Amazonas.
Category:Social programs in Colombia