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| S-COSMOS | |
|---|---|
| Name | S-COSMOS |
| Mission type | Astronomical survey |
| Operator | National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Spitzer Space Telescope legacy programs |
| Launch | 2003 (Spitzer) |
| Wavelength | Infrared |
| Field | Cosmic Evolution Survey |
S-COSMOS S-COSMOS is an infrared legacy survey conducted in the field of the Cosmic Evolution Survey using the Spitzer Space Telescope. The program targeted the two-square-degree COSMOS field to obtain deep mid-infrared imaging complementing multiwavelength data from facilities such as the Hubble Space Telescope, Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Very Large Array. S-COSMOS provided critical catalogs used by teams working with instruments like the Subaru Telescope, Keck Observatory, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array.
S-COSMOS was designed as a component of the broader Cosmic Evolution Survey effort linking spaceborne platforms including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope with ground-based observatories such as the Subaru Telescope, the European Southern Observatory, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The survey targeted the equatorial COSMOS field to enable follow-up by facilities like the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, Gemini Observatory, and the Very Large Telescope. S-COSMOS observations were coordinated with ancillary programs led by institutions such as the California Institute of Technology, Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy.
S-COSMOS aimed to measure mid-infrared emission from galaxies across cosmic time to address questions about star formation traced by Spitzer Space Telescope bands, active galactic nuclei identified with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and stellar mass constrained by Hubble Space Telescope imaging. Objectives included characterizing infrared luminosity functions used by researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Hawaii, and the Institute for Astronomy (University of Edinburgh), studying the role of environment cataloged by teams from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and the European Space Agency, and providing targets for spectroscopic follow-up at facilities like the W. M. Keck Observatory and the Subaru Telescope.
Observations were carried out with the Spitzer Space Telescope instruments including the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) and the Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS), coordinated alongside deep imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys and parallel X-ray coverage from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The survey overlapped with photometric and spectroscopic campaigns from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey, and the DEEP2 Redshift Survey, and benefitted from ancillary data from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer, Two Micron All Sky Survey, and the Herschel Space Observatory. Observing strategies were designed to match tiling patterns used by the Subaru Telescope Suprime-Cam and to enable radio cross-matching with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array.
Raw data from the Spitzer Space Telescope were processed using pipelines developed by teams at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center and archived with cooperative efforts from the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive and the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. Products included calibrated mosaics, point-source catalogs, photometric redshift catalogs cross-matched with Hubble Space Telescope catalogs, and ancillary multiwavelength catalogs combining data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Herschel Space Observatory, and ground-based spectrographs at the W. M. Keck Observatory and Very Large Telescope. Data releases were used by researchers at institutions such as Princeton University, University of Tokyo, and the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris.
S-COSMOS contributed to measurements of infrared luminosity functions and the evolution of cosmic star formation density, informing models developed at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. The survey identified large samples of obscured active galactic nuclei that were cross-identified with Chandra X-ray Observatory sources and followed up spectroscopically with the Keck Observatory and Subaru Telescope, clarifying connections between black hole accretion and host-galaxy properties studied by teams at the University of Cambridge and Columbia University. Results influenced interpretations of infrared spectral energy distributions used by groups at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and shaped target selection for facilities like the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the James Webb Space Telescope.
S-COSMOS was integrated with the broader Cosmic Evolution Survey collaboration, involving institutions such as the California Institute of Technology, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, and the European Southern Observatory. It complemented surveys including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey, the DEEP2 Redshift Survey, and spaceborne programs from the Herschel Space Observatory and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer. Cross-survey synergies enabled by partnerships with the Institute for Astronomy (University of Edinburgh), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, and the Kapteyn Astronomical Institute expanded the scientific reach of S-COSMOS data products.
S-COSMOS left a lasting legacy by providing mid-infrared benchmarks used in studies by the James Webb Space Telescope science community, informing theoretical models at institutions like the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and observational strategies at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Its catalogs and mosaics remain a reference for multiwavelength analyses performed by researchers at the Space Telescope Science Institute, Princeton University, and the University of Tokyo, and continue to support investigations into galaxy evolution, active galactic nuclei demographics, and infrared-selected populations across cosmic time.
Category:Astronomical surveys