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| Russia 2018 | |
|---|---|
| Conventional long name | Russian Federation |
| Common name | Russia |
| Capital | Moscow |
| Largest city | Moscow |
| Official language | Russian |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential republic |
| President | Vladimir Putin |
| Prime minister | Dmitry Medvedev |
| Area km2 | 17098242 |
| Population estimate | 146.9 million |
| Currency | Russian ruble |
Russia 2018 In 2018 the Russian Federation under Vladimir Putin conducted national politics amid domestic and international attention, while hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup and navigating relations with United States and European Union actors. Major events touched on fiscal policy, societal debates, energy diplomacy, and security operations linked to regional crises such as Syria and tensions involving Ukraine and Crimea. The year combined high-visibility cultural diplomacy, large-scale infrastructure projects, and contentious legal and human rights developments involving courts like the European Court of Human Rights and bodies such as Amnesty International.
The presidential election won by Vladimir Putin featured campaigns involving candidates from United Russia, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, and A Just Russia, with administrative oversight by the Central Election Commission of Russia and scrutiny from observers including the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and foreign missions from United States Department of State, European Commission, and individual governments such as France and Germany. Legislative interactions occurred in the Federation Council and the State Duma, with policy debates referencing leaders from Dmitry Medvedev, Sergey Lavrov, Sergey Shoigu, and regional governors like Yevgeny Kuyvashev. Constitutional and judicial matters involved the Constitutional Court of Russia, high-profile prosecutions in courts in Moscow, and publicized cases connected to activists associated with groups like Open Russia and figures supported by Human Rights Watch and Memorial.
Economic policy in 2018 reflected interactions among the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia), state corporations such as Gazprom, Rosneft, and Russian Railways, and private firms including Yandex and Sberbank. Fiscal measures addressed oil and gas revenue fluctuations tied to markets overseen by OPEC and companies trading through hubs like London Stock Exchange and Moscow Exchange, while budgetary planning referenced pensions debated with politicians from United Russia and opposition groups including the Yabloko party. Sanctions maintained by the United States and European Union affected transactions with entities like Deutsche Bank and commodity flows through pipelines such as Nord Stream 1 and export terminals used by Surgutneftegaz.
Public debates engaged civil society organizations including Memorial, Russian LGBT Network, and trade unions interacting with institutions such as the Investigative Committee of Russia and local administrations in cities including Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Sochi. High-profile social incidents prompted responses from media outlets like RT, Novaya Gazeta, and TASS, and were monitored by international NGOs such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch. Cultural life saw activity from institutions like the Bolshoi Theatre, Hermitage Museum, and festivals in regions such as Krasnodar Krai; public health and demographic concerns were discussed by the Ministry of Health and researchers at universities including Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Russia's foreign engagements in 2018 involved diplomacy with the United States, high-level meetings involving Donald Trump and delegations with Sergey Lavrov, participation in negotiations over Syria alongside Turkey and Iran, and continued tensions over Ukraine and the status of Crimea involving sanctions from the European Union and United Kingdom. Multilateral activity included roles in the United Nations Security Council, energy diplomacy with China and projects such as Power of Siberia, and relations with regional organizations like the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Eurasian Economic Union. Cybersecurity and election-interference allegations drew attention from bodies including the Federal Bureau of Investigation and parliamentary committees in United Kingdom and United States Congress.
Hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup brought teams from Brazil, Germany, France, and venues in cities such as Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, and Kazan into focus, with matches officiated under FIFA and broadcast partners like Match TV. Cultural programming featured exhibitions at the Tretyakov Gallery, touring companies including the Bolshoi Theatre, and film releases showcased at festivals such as Moscow International Film Festival and screenings involving directors like Andrey Zvyagintsev. Public commemorations and state ceremonies referenced historical institutions such as the Victory Day observances at the Kremlin and military bands linked to the Russian Armed Forces.
Infrastructure projects advanced by Russian Railways and energy firms like Gazprom and Rosneft included pipeline and port development affecting regions such as Sakhalin and the Kola Peninsula. Environmental concerns were raised by events involving wildfires in areas of Siberia and air quality monitored in cities including Norilsk and Novosibirsk, with commentary from NGOs such as Greenpeace and scientific input from institutes like the Russian Academy of Sciences. Disaster response coordination involved regional authorities in Krasnodar Krai and emergency services under the EMERCOM.
Security operations involved activities by the Federal Security Service (FSB), the Ministry of Defence (Russia), and internal affairs bodies like the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia), with deployments and exercises connected to units including the Russian Ground Forces and naval forces operating in theaters such as the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea near Syria. High-profile criminal cases were tried in courts in Moscow and covered by outlets such as Novaya Gazeta and Interfax, while counterterrorism coordination referenced agencies including the National Anti-Terrorism Committee and international cooperation with partners such as Interpol. Military procurement involved manufacturers like United Aircraft Corporation and Almaz-Antey, and defense diplomacy included arms discussions with countries such as India and Turkey.
Category:2018 by country