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| Retno Marsudi | |
|---|---|
| Name | Retno Marsudi |
| Native name | Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi |
| Birth date | 27 November 1962 |
| Birth place | Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia |
| Occupation | Diplomat, Politician |
| Office | Minister of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia |
| Term start | 27 October 2014 |
| Predecessor | Marty Natalegawa |
| Alma mater | University of Indonesia, Leiden University |
Retno Marsudi
Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi is an Indonesian diplomat and politician who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the cabinets of Presidents Joko Widodo and Joko Widodo (second term) since 2014. She is the first woman to hold the office in the history of Indonesia and has previously held ambassadorial postings to Netherlands, United Nations, and European Union. Marsudi's tenure has involved engagement with regional institutions such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and global forums including the United Nations General Assembly, the G20, and the World Economic Forum.
Marsudi was born in Semarang, Central Java and completed early schooling in local institutions before pursuing higher education at the University of Indonesia where she studied international relations and law. She later undertook postgraduate studies at Leiden University in the Netherlands and received diplomatic training at the Indonesian Diplomatic Academy. Her formative years overlapped with the administrations of Suharto and the Reformasi era under B. J. Habibie and Abdurrahman Wahid, shaping an interest in multilateral diplomacy through exposure to regional developments like the Asian Financial Crisis and the expansion of ASEAN institutions.
Marsudi joined the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and served in a series of overseas postings including at the Indonesian Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, the Indonesian embassy in The Hague, and as Ambassador to the Netherlands from 2005 to 2008. She was Director for European Affairs and later Director General for European and American Affairs within the ministry, working on relations with the European Union, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, and Switzerland. From 2011 to 2015 she served as Ambassador of Indonesia to the Netherlands and Permanent Representative to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons in The Hague, engaging with institutions such as the International Criminal Court and multilateral legal frameworks including the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.
Appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by President Joko Widodo on 27 October 2014, Marsudi succeeded Marty Natalegawa and joined a cabinet that included figures like Pramono Anung, Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, and Sri Mulyani. Her ministry has coordinated Indonesia's diplomacy across bilateral relationships with states including United States, China, Japan, Australia, India, Russia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey, while managing ties with multilateral organizations such as ASEAN, the United Nations Security Council, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the G20. She has been involved in high-level summits including the ASEAN Summit, the East Asia Summit, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, and United Nations General Assembly sessions.
Marsudi has emphasized maritime diplomacy aligned with President Joko Widodo's "Global Maritime Fulcrum" concept, working on maritime security cooperation with Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei. Her tenure advanced initiatives on humanitarian diplomacy, consular protection for migrant workers with partners like Malaysia and Saudi Arabia, and maritime boundary negotiations with Australia and Timor-Leste. She has led Indonesia's positions on the South China Sea dispute engaging claimants such as China, Vietnam, and Philippines through ASEAN mechanisms and the ASEAN Regional Forum. On climate and environment, Marsudi represented Indonesia in negotiations at UNFCCC conferences and engaged with actors like United States, European Union, China, and Small Island Developing States on commitments under the Paris Agreement. She has also promoted economic diplomacy with trade partners like China, Japan, South Korea, United States, and European Union members to attract investment and support infrastructure initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative dialogues and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.
Marsudi is married to Agus Marsudi and has family ties in Central Java. She is fluent in Indonesian, English, and Dutch and has received national and international recognitions including awards from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia), honors from the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and fellowships associated with institutions like Chatham House and the Elliott School of International Affairs. Marsudi has been featured in lists produced by media outlets such as Time (magazine), The Diplomat, and Forbes (Indonesia), and has received honorary degrees from universities in Indonesia and abroad.
Marsudi's term has faced scrutiny over Indonesia's handling of maritime incidents with Australia and Malaysia, consular cases involving migrant workers in Saudi Arabia and Malaysia, and perceptions of diplomacy in disputes involving China in the South China Sea. Domestic critics from political actors such as members of the People's Representative Council (Indonesia), opposition figures in Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, and commentators in outlets like Kompas and The Jakarta Post have questioned aspects of consular responsiveness and clarity on positions in multilateral forums. Human rights organizations including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have at times urged stronger stances on issues like human trafficking and protection of Indonesian citizens abroad, prompting debate with ministries such as the Ministry of Manpower (Indonesia) and the Ministry of Law and Human Rights (Indonesia).
Category:Indonesian diplomats Category:Female foreign ministers Category:1962 births Category:Living people