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| RB199 | |
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| Name | RB199 |
RB199.
RB199 is a designation for a trans-Neptunian object discovered in deep surveys of the outer Solar System. The object has been cited in surveys and catalogues alongside objects identified by teams using facilities such as the Hubble Space Telescope, the Very Large Telescope, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Studies placing RB199 within the population of outer Solar System bodies link it to research programs at institutions including the Space Telescope Science Institute, the European Southern Observatory, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
The initial detection that produced the provisional designation RB199 occurred during targeted imaging campaigns conducted by collaborations involving the Palomar Observatory and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The provisional naming followed the conventions established by the International Astronomical Union and was reported through channels used by projects such as the Deep Ecliptic Survey and the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope key projects. Announcement of the object appeared in circulars and databases maintained by the Minor Planet Center and assimilated into catalogs overseen by the NASA Planetary Data System. Subsequent follow-up astrometry was coordinated with teams at the Mauna Kea Observatories and the Kitt Peak National Observatory.
RB199's orbit has been determined from multi-opposition astrometric data collected by surveys including the Pan-STARRS program and the Dark Energy Survey. Its heliocentric semimajor axis, eccentricity, and inclination have been estimated using orbit determination software packages similar to those developed by the JPL Horizons group and methods used in analyses published by researchers from the Institute for Astronomy (Cambridge). Published orbital elements place RB199 among populations surveyed in dynamical studies such as those by teams at the Southwest Research Institute and the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research. Comparisons to resonant objects identified in research from the University of Hawaii and the University of California, Berkeley inform hypotheses about potential mean-motion resonances with Neptune and long-term stability evaluated with numerical integrators developed by groups at the University of Maryland.
Photometric and thermal measurements reported by observers using the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Herschel Space Observatory have been used to constrain RB199's absolute magnitude and effective diameter in the manner applied to objects catalogued by the NEOWISE project. Optical photometry from programs at the Magellan Telescopes and the Subaru Telescope contributed to color indices analogous to those tabulated by researchers at the University of Arizona and the Carnegie Institution for Science. Size estimates draw on albedo assumptions consistent with comparisons to bodies observed by missions such as the New Horizons flyby of Arrokoth and studies of classical Kuiper belt objects in surveys led by the California Institute of Technology.
Spectroscopic observations using instruments like the X-Shooter on the Very Large Telescope and spectrographs mounted at the Keck Observatory provided low-resolution spectra comparable to datasets obtained by teams at the Institute for Astronomy (University of Hawaii). Spectral features, or lack thereof, have been compared with laboratory spectra curated by groups at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and compositional models developed by researchers affiliated with the South African Astronomical Observatory. Analyses relate RB199 to spectral classes discussed in literature from the Leiden Observatory and to organic- and ice-rich surfaces characterized in studies involving the German Aerospace Center and the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.
RB199 has appeared in multiple survey catalogs produced by collaborative consortia including OSSOS (the Outer Solar System Origins Survey) and the CFEPS (Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey). Follow-up campaigns coordinated with observatories represented by the International Astronomical Union Minor Planet Center have used time allocated through committees such as those at the National Science Foundation and the European Research Council. Data reductions and orbit refinements used pipelines comparable to those developed by the Astrometry.net team and analysis techniques published by researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Results from these efforts have been cited in review articles from the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics and conference proceedings of the American Astronomical Society Division for Planetary Sciences.
RB199 figures into comparative studies of trans-Neptunian populations compiled by investigators at the Institute for Advanced Study and the University of Oxford. Its orbital and photometric properties are used to test models of planetesimal formation advanced by teams at the California Institute of Technology and to evaluate migration scenarios of Neptune explored in simulations from the Southwest Research Institute and the University of Bern. The object contributes to statistical analyses informing hypotheses about the origins of the cold classical Kuiper belt presented by researchers at the University of Copenhagen and to debates over the existence and influence of proposed distant perturbers assessed in work from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.