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| Project 22350 Admiral Gorshkov | |
|---|---|
| Ship name | Admiral Gorshkov |
| Ship class | Project 22350 |
| Ship type | Frigate |
| Operator | Russian Navy |
| Builder | Severnaya Verf |
| Laid down | 2010 |
| Launched | 2012 |
| Commissioned | 2018 |
| Displacement | ~5,400 tonnes |
| Length | 135 m |
| Beam | 16.5 m |
| Propulsion | Combined gas and gas (COGAG) |
| Speed | 29 kn |
| Complement | ~180 |
Project 22350 Admiral Gorshkov is the lead ship of the Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate series built for the Russian Navy at the Severnaya Verf shipyard, designed to replace older Krivak-class and Sovremenny units. The design integrates stealth features, modern radar suites and multimission Missile capabilities to operate in blue-water environments and littoral zones, reflecting naval priorities set after the Cold War naval reductions and during the 2010s rearmament efforts.
The class emerged from requirements outlined by the Ministry of Defence and the Northern Fleet for a general-purpose frigate able to conduct anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare and air defence missions alongside strategic patrols in waters contested during incidents like the Russo-Ukrainian War and operations near the Mediterranean Sea. Design work at Severnoye Design Bureau synthesized lessons from the Soviet Navy programs and contemporary Western designs exemplified by the Type 23 frigate, FREMM, and Zumwalt-class destroyer concepts, leading to a hull with reduced radar cross-section and automated systems influenced by Project 22350M studies. Political and industrial constraints involving suppliers such as United Engine Corporation and geopolitical events like sanctions after the 2014 Crimean crisis influenced propulsion and electronics sourcing decisions.
Admiral Gorshkov displaces approximately 5,400 tonnes full load, measures about 135 m in length with a beam near 16.5 m, and features a steel hull with composite superstructure to minimize detectability and magnetic signature consistent with standards used by NATO planners. Propulsion is a COGAG arrangement using gas turbines developed by NPO Saturn and gearbox technology associated with Zvezda-ELMA and United Shipbuilding Corporation partners, delivering speeds up to roughly 29 knots and an endurance suitable for deployments with the Northern Fleet and transit to bases like Sevastopol. Crew accommodation and automation mirror trends from vessels such as the Royal Navy’s Type 26 frigate concept by reducing crew size to around 180 through integrated bridge and combat information center systems inspired by Aegis Combat System workflows.
Main armament centers on the 16-cell vertical launch system compatible with the Kalibr family of cruise missiles for strike and anti-ship roles and the Oniks anti-ship missile for littoral denial, while future-proofing included integration of the Zircon hypersonic missile concept. Air defence is provided by the Poliment-Redut vertical launch system derived from S-350 Vityaz and tied to the ship’s primary radar, a phased-array suite developed by Zavod Iskra and Almaz-Antey technologies, enabling tracking of multiple aerial and surface targets similar to systems used on the Kirov-class battlecruiser. Anti-submarine warfare capabilities include torpedo tubes and a bow-mounted sonar linked to towed array systems developed in cooperation with Malakhit Central Design Bureau subcontractors.
Laid down at Severnaya Verf in 2010 and launched in 2012, Admiral Gorshkov underwent protracted fitting-out due to engine procurement delays tied to sanctions and industrial bottlenecks involving NPO Saturn and United Engine Corporation, leading to sea trials commencing in the mid-2010s. Trials incorporated weapon tests in coordination with the Northern Fleet and state acceptance procedures overseen by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping and the Ministry of Defence (Russia), culminating in commissioning in 2018 after successful live-fire launches of Kalibr missiles and completion of sonar and propulsion trials.
Since commissioning, Admiral Gorshkov has participated in long-range deployments to the Mediterranean Sea, operations related to the Syrian civil war support missions, and patrols in Arctic regions adjacent to Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea theaters, operating alongside units from the Northern Fleet and participating in multinational exercises such as drills akin to Ocean Shield-style deployments. Deployments demonstrated interoperability challenges and logistical lessons comparable to those faced by contemporaries like HMS Queen Elizabeth during extended sorties, while strategic signaling mirrored deployments of USS Theodore Roosevelt carrier strike groups.
Planned modernizations address propulsion reliability, increased missile capacity, and enhanced electronic warfare suites by integrating domestic replacements for sanctioned components from firms such as Ruselectronics and Radio-Electronic Technologies Concern. Upgrade paths pursue enhanced air-defence reach via more advanced Poliment-Redut firmware, integration of Kh-35 series improvements for littoral engagements, and trials for hypersonic and long-range strike options similar to Zircon and Kinzhal program aspirations, coordinated with research institutes like Central Scientific Research Institute of Shipbuilding Technology.
Derivative proposals include the enlarged Project 22350M variant with greater displacement, six-module vertical launch arrays and more powerful powerplants to rival heavier frigates such as FREMM and Type 26 frigate offerings, and export negotiations targeting navies like the Indian Navy, Vietnam People's Navy, and potential clients in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, although export prospects have been affected by geopolitical pressures and competing offers from manufacturers including Navantia and Fincantieri. Several concept studies explored customization for anti-piracy patrol roles, intelligence collection conversions analogous to USNS Mercy-style auxiliaries, and modular mission bay adaptations inspired by Littoral Combat Ship program experiments.
Category:Frigates of Russia Category:Ships built by Severnaya Verf