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| Patagonian puma | |
|---|---|
| Name | Patagonian puma |
| Genus | Puma |
| Species | concolor |
| Subspecies | concolor |
| Authority | (Linnaeus, 1771) |
Patagonian puma is a regional form of the mountain lion, known from southern South America and associated with the Patagonia region, including parts of Argentina and Chile. It is recognized in conservation, natural history and wildlife management literature and appears in accounts by explorers, naturalists, and governments relating to Tierra del Fuego, the Magellan Strait, and Andean ecosystems. The animal features in studies from institutions such as the Smithsonian Institution, the World Wildlife Fund, and universities including the University of Buenos Aires and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile.
The taxonomic placement of the Patagonian puma falls within the genus Puma and the species Puma concolor; historical names and classifications reference work by Carl Linnaeus, Thomas Bell, and later taxonomists at the Natural History Museum, London. Regional nomenclature appears in expedition reports by Charles Darwin, reports from the Argentine National Parks Administration and chronicles from Ferdinand Magellan era sources. Genetic studies by research groups affiliated with the Max Planck Society, the California Academy of Sciences, and the National University of Río Negro have examined mitochondrial haplotypes and phylogeography, referencing methods developed at institutions such as the Royal Society and published in outlets linked to the National Science Foundation. International standards from the International Union for Conservation of Nature influence subspecific treatments and listings used by conservation agencies like BirdLife International and regional NGOs such as Conservación Patagónica.
Adult individuals exhibit pelage, body mass and size traits documented in field guides from the American Museum of Natural History, the Field Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution, and regional monographs produced by researchers at the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Descriptive metrics reported in studies from the University of Chile, the Universidad Nacional del Comahue, and the Universidad Nacional de La Plata include measurements used by zoologists trained at institutions such as the Royal Society of London and the Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Comparative morphology has been discussed alongside specimens cataloged in collections at the Natural History Museum, Vienna, the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, and the American Museum of Natural History.
Range accounts place this puma in Patagonia, the Andes, the Valdivian temperate rain forest, the Monte Desert, and steppe zones within Santa Cruz Province, Argentina and the Aysén Region. Surveys and maps produced by agencies including the World Wildlife Fund, the United Nations Environment Programme, the Argentine National Parks Administration, and the Chilean National Forest Corporation draw on fieldwork by teams from the National Geographic Society, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Wildlife Conservation Society. Historical records reference explorers linked to Falkland Islands, the Beagle Channel, and scientific voyages of the HMS Beagle.
Behavioral studies cite camera-trap projects coordinated by the Wildlife Conservation Society, research programs at the University of Buenos Aires, collaborations with the National Patagonia Museum, and ecological modeling methods from the Ecological Society of America. Seasonal movements and territoriality have been analyzed using telemetry deployed by teams trained at the University of California, Santa Cruz, the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and guided by protocols used in projects supported by the National Science Foundation and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. Interactions with herbivore populations referenced include work on guanaco herds documented by the Instituto de la Patagonia and predation impacts assessed in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organization.
Dietary studies reference prey such as guanaco, introduced ungulates recorded by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and interactions with species reported in field studies from the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago and the Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs). Hunting strategy descriptions draw on camera-trap evidence, GPS collar data shared with the Wildlife Conservation Society and analytical techniques developed at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology and published in journals associated with the Royal Society Publishing and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Foraging ecology is compared with historical predator-prey dynamics described in expedition narratives by Charles Darwin and regional naturalists linked to the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales.
Reproductive parameters reported in field studies conducted by researchers at the University of Buenos Aires, the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, and the Instituto de la Patagonia include litter size, denning behavior and juvenile dispersal patterns. Life-history synthesis draws on demographic models used by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, long-term monitoring frameworks from the Wildlife Conservation Society and comparative analyses referencing reproductive ecology work produced at the Smithsonian Institution and the Field Museum.
Conservation assessments are framed by listings and guidelines from the International Union for Conservation of Nature and national legislation from Argentina and Chile, with enforcement and management implemented by bodies such as the Argentine National Parks Administration and the Chilean National Forest Corporation. Threats discussed in reports from World Wildlife Fund, Conservación Patagónica, the Wildlife Conservation Society and academic teams at the National University of Comahue include habitat fragmentation along corridors identified by the United Nations Environment Programme, conflict with livestock producers represented by associations like the Federación Agraria Argentina, and impacts of invasive species studies coordinated with the Food and Agriculture Organization. Conservation strategies referenced include protected area design promoted by the World Wildlife Fund, community-based stewardship piloted with the Global Environment Facility and research collaborations funded by the National Science Foundation and private foundations such as the Rockefeller Foundation.