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| Paradoxides | |
|---|---|
| Name | Paradoxides |
| Fossil range | Middle Cambrian |
| Regnum | Animalia |
| Phylum | Arthropoda |
| Classis | Trilobita |
| Ordo | Redlichiida |
| Familia | Paradoxididae |
| Genus | Paradoxides |
Paradoxides is a genus of large, broad-bodied trilobites known from Middle Cambrian marine deposits. Widely reported from classical Cambrian localities, the genus has been central to studies by paleontologists from institutions such as the Natural History Museum, London, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Geological Survey of Canada. Specimens have figured in comparative work alongside taxa described by researchers at the University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, the University of Copenhagen, and the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Large, elongate exoskeletons of Paradoxides display a semicircular cephalon, a thorax with many articulating segments, and a tapering pygidium, features compared in reviews from the Royal Society and the Geological Society of London. Eyes are typically large and crescentic, similar to descriptions in monographs from the American Museum of Natural History, the Field Museum, and the British Geological Survey. The genal spines and glabellar furrows have been emphasized in systematic treatments published by scholars affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Michigan, and the Yale Peabody Museum.
The genus has been placed in the family Paradoxididae within the order Redlichiida, a placement discussed in taxonomic revisions by teams at the National Museum of Natural History (France), the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, and the Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung. Type species designations and subsequent species-level revisions appear in works from the Geological Society of America, the Palaeontological Association, and the International Commission on Stratigraphy. Named species have been compared with genera described by researchers at the University of Salamanca, the University of Granada, and the University of Barcelona in Mediterranean Cambrian studies.
Fossils occur in Middle Cambrian strata across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of North America, reported in regional surveys by the Geological Survey of Norway, the Icelandic Institute of Natural History, and the Jordanian Geological Survey. Key occurrences derive from classic outcrops such as the alum shales and carbonate platforms studied by teams from the University of Stockholm, the University of Uppsala, and the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Canadian and Moroccan localities have been documented in collaborations between the Geological Survey of Canada, the Institut Pasteur, and the Royal Ontario Museum.
Functional morphology studies conducted at the University of Cambridge and the University of Edinburgh interpret the broad thorax and articulated segments as adaptations for benthic locomotion across Cambrian shelves, and these interpretations have been tested alongside trace fossil analyses by researchers at the University of Leicester, the University of Durham, and the University of Liverpool. Eye structure comparisons with trilobites from collections at the Natural History Museum, London and the Smithsonian Institution inform reconstructions of visual ecology in Paleozoic photic zones examined by investigators from the University of Toronto, the University of British Columbia, and the University of Sydney. Dietary inferences referencing gut-content studies by the American Museum of Natural History and isotopic work by the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry suggest a scavenging or deposit-feeding habit similar to models used in studies at the University of Oslo and the University of Bergen.
Preservation modes, including pyritization and carbonaceous compression, are discussed in taphonomic syntheses from the Natural History Museum, London, the University of Kansas, and the Yale Peabody Museum. Lagerstätte-style localities that yield exceptionally preserved specimens have been compared with Konservat-Lagerstätten known from studies at the Field Museum, the Royal Ontario Museum, and the Senckenberg Museum. Phosphatization and diagenetic alteration in Moroccan and Spanish exposures have been the subject of geochemical analyses undertaken by teams at the University of Granada, the University of Salamanca, and the Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Early descriptions of Paradoxides-grade material entered the literature in 19th-century geological surveys and monographs produced by figures associated with the British Geological Survey, the Geological Survey of Sweden, and the Académie des sciences (France). Subsequent systematic and stratigraphic work was advanced through contributions from paleontologists at the University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the University of Copenhagen. Modern revisions, cladistic analyses, and biostratigraphic syntheses have involved collaborative projects with the International Commission on Stratigraphy, the Palaeontological Association, and the National Museum of Wales, and continue in research programs at the Geological Survey of Canada and the Natural History Museum, London.
Category:Trilobita Category:Cambrian fossils