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| Oberbayern Regionalplan | |
|---|---|
| Name | Oberbayern Regionalplan |
| Jurisdiction | Bavaria |
| Region | Upper Bavaria |
| Authority | Regierungsbezirk |
Oberbayern Regionalplan
The Oberbayern Regionalplan is a statutory spatial strategy for Upper Bavaria coordinated by the Regierungbezirk of Munich that integrates regional infrastructure, settlement, transport, and environmental designations across the Freistaat Bayern within the context of federal and European frameworks. It aligns regional objectives with instruments such as the Baugesetzbuch, the Raumordnungsgesetz, and directives from the European Union while interfacing with municipalities like Rosenheim, Ingolstadt, and Landshut and organizations including the Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt and the Bayerisches Staatsministerium des Innern. The plan influences major projects linked to Autobahn A8, München Airport, and conservation areas near the Bavarian Alps and the Isar corridor.
The document functions as a binding spatial framework for Upper Bavaria that coordinates policy across tiers such as the Freistaat Bayern, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, and the European Commission while shaping regional projects like expansion of the Deutsche Bahn network, siting of Stadtwerke München facilities, and designation of Natura 2000 sites adjacent to the Alps. It identifies priority zones near Munich, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, and the Chiemsee for infrastructure, housing, and nature protection, and sets parameters for interactions between stakeholders including the Städteverband München, the IHK München und Oberbayern, and environmental NGOs such as BUND.
Grounded in the Raumordnungsgesetz and guided by the Bayerisches Landesentwicklungskonzept, the plan interprets provisions of the Baugesetzbuch and incorporates obligations under treaties like the Aarhus Convention and EU regulations such as the Habitats Directive and Water Framework Directive. It translates state-level strategies from the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wohnen, Bau und Verkehr into spatial allocations that affect actors including the Regierung von Oberbayern, municipal councils of Rosenheim (district), and authorities overseeing the Isar. The purpose is to reconcile economic initiatives promoted by the BMW Group, Airbus, and regional clusters with protections for cultural landscapes like the Starnberger See and historical sites linked to Ludwig II of Bavaria.
Development of the plan is steered by the regional planning department of the Regierung von Oberbayern in consultation with municipal planners from München, Freising, Ebersberg, and county administrations such as Landkreis Miesbach and Landkreis Traunstein, as well as stakeholders including the Bayerische Architektenkammer, the Deutscher Städtetag, and academic partners at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and the Technische Universität München. The process involves public participation phases influenced by precedents like the Hamburg spatial plan and consultation with agencies such as the Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik and the Deutsche Umwelthilfe. Approval mechanisms invoke cabinet-level sign-off from the Bayerischer Ministerpräsident and coordination with federal ministries such as the Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat.
Covering urban and rural districts from Miesbach to Dachau and from Rosenheim to Pfaffenhofen, the plan maps designations for settlement expansion around Munich, transport corridors along the Bundesautobahn 9, industrial zones near Ingolstadt, tourism areas in the Berchtesgaden Alps, and protected landscapes including the Altmühltal peripheries. Land use categories reference Natura 2000 sites, regional green belts adjacent to the Isarauen, water protection areas feeding the Chiemsee, and corridors for long-distance cycling routes linking Salzburg and Munich. The plan coordinates with municipal zoning (Bebauungspläne) and conservation orders issued by the Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege.
Major objectives include directing urban growth to agglomerations such as Munich and Ingolstadt, protecting alpine foothills and lake shores near Tegernsee and Starnberger See, optimizing freight and passenger transport along corridors connected to München Hauptbahnhof and München Flughafen, and promoting renewable energy installations in suitable zones while preventing landscape fragmentation near the Alps. Policy instruments reference incentives for brownfield redevelopment in former industrial sites like those associated with MAN SE and land consolidation efforts modeled on schemes in Baden-Württemberg. The plan emphasizes safeguarding habitats for species listed under the Natura 2000 network and aligning with climate resilience commitments under initiatives supported by the European Green Deal.
Implementation relies on coordination with municipal master plans in Rosenheim (city), infrastructure delivery by entities such as Deutsche Bahn AG and local utilities like Stadtwerke Rosenheim, environmental monitoring by the Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt, and periodic reviews consistent with state practice observed in the Hesse regional plan. Amendments follow statutory procedures including public consultation, environmental impact assessment influenced by jurisprudence from the Bundesverwaltungsgericht, and technical revisions prompted by projects like expansions of the A9 Autobahn or the S-Bahn München network. Performance indicators cover settlement density metrics used by the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft and biodiversity indices tracked alongside reports from the World Wide Fund for Nature in Germany.
The plan has provoked debate over housing allocations near Munich, transport infrastructure proposals affecting rural districts like Traunstein, and placements of renewable installations that drew oppositions from groups such as Die Grünen local chapters and civic associations in Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen. Controversies mirrored wider disputes seen in cases like the Stuttgart 21 protests and planning conflicts involving Munich Airport expansions, raising legal challenges before administrative courts and mobilizing stakeholders from the IHK Ingolstadt to conservationists associated with NABU. Public reception varies across municipalities, with urban actors generally endorsing densification policies while alpine and lakeside communities press for stronger protections modeled on conservation frameworks in Berchtesgadener Land.
Category:Regional planning in Germany Category:Upper Bavaria