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| ODI cricket | |
|---|---|
| Name | One Day International cricket |
| Administrator | International Cricket Council |
| First | 1971 |
| Format | Limited overs cricket |
| Participants | National teams |
| Current | ICC Cricket World Cup |
ODI cricket is a format of limited overs international cricket played between teams representing Australia, England, India and other national sides under the auspices of the International Cricket Council. Conceived in the early 1970s during fixtures involving Australia, England, and Pakistan, the format evolved through landmark events such as the 1975 World Cup and the 1992 World Cup into a standardized international competition regulated by the ICC Champions Trophy and the ICC Cricket World Cup cycle.
The earliest international limited overs contests took place between touring Australia and England sides, including fixtures at venues like the Melbourne Cricket Ground and Lord's. The formal international emergence involved administrators from the International Cricket Council and national boards such as the Board of Control for Cricket in India and the Marylebone Cricket Club, while media coverage from outlets like the BBC and The Times helped popularize the format. Key turning points included the inaugural 1975 Cricket World Cup, the introduction of colored clothing during the 1992 Cricket World Cup, and the commercialization surge driven by broadcasters such as Sky Sports and Nine Network. Governance reforms, including changes agreed at ICC meetings and in statutes influenced by the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, shaped playing conditions and international scheduling.
Matches are governed by playing conditions set by the International Cricket Council and interpreted by umpires from panels such as the ICC Elite Panel. Each side bats for a fixed number of overs, typically 50 overs per innings, following regulations on fielding restrictions introduced after discussions among administrators from the Marylebone Cricket Club and the International Cricket Council. Powerplay rules, Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method interventions devised by statisticians around the Duckworth–Lewis method and the Weatherwatch protocols apply to interrupted matches. Match officials include umpires and match referees appointed by the ICC Match Referee Panel, with playing regulations influenced by precedents set at tournaments like the 1999 Cricket World Cup and the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
Players use equipment approved by bodies such as the International Cricket Council and manufacturers that supply gear to teams like India and England. Bats conform to specifications discussed historically in publications like the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, while ball types (e.g., red, white) and pitch coverings have been standardized following consultations with groundskeepers from venues such as the Melbourne Cricket Ground and Eden Gardens. Protective equipment innovations, referenced in reports by the International Cricket Council and manufacturers supplying national squads like Pakistan national cricket team and South Africa, responded to incidents chronicled in match reports from fixtures at Old Trafford and Kensington Oval.
The premier tournament is the quadrennial ICC Cricket World Cup, administered by the International Cricket Council, with other marquee events including the ICC Champions Trophy and regional qualifiers run by bodies such as the Asian Cricket Council and the Cricket West Indies. Bilateral series between teams like Australia and India—flagship fixtures in the calendars of the England and New Zealand—feed into the global ICC ODI Team Rankings and the ICC Player Rankings. Commercial partnerships with broadcasters such as Star Sports and sponsors like global brands negotiated by national boards including the Board of Control for Cricket in India influence scheduling and tournament formats.
Statistical archives compiled by institutions like the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, media outlets such as the BBC, and databases maintained by the International Cricket Council document milestones: highest individual scores, most career wickets and runs, and fastest centuries achieved by players from teams including India, Australia, and South Africa. Notable record tournaments include performances at the 2011 Cricket World Cup and the 2015 Cricket World Cup, with analytics by groups connected to the Marylebone Cricket Club and statistical projects inspired by the Duckworth–Lewis method informing strategy.
Iconic performers associated with the format include members of the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame and national legends from India, Australia, West Indies, Pakistan, and England. Memorable moments span finals at the Lord's and dramatic run chases in qualifiers involving New Zealand and Sri Lanka, high-profile innings covered by outlets like the BBC, and decisive bowling spells archived by the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. Individual accolades, such as awards presented at ICC Awards ceremonies, celebrate players whose performances in events like the 1999 Cricket World Cup and 2003 Cricket World Cup reshaped perceptions of the format.
The format influenced the development of limited overs tactics adopted across domestic competitions like Indian Premier League and international bilateral series involving Australia and England. Innovations in fielding, batting tempo, and bowling variations trace roots to coaching exchanges at institutions such as the National Cricket Academy (India) and research by performance teams affiliated with boards like the Cricket South Africa. Its commercial success prompted governance discussions at International Cricket Council meetings, affected scheduling of Test series between nations including Pakistan and Sri Lanka, and led to technological adoption in officiating promoted by broadcasters such as Sky Sports and regulators like the International Cricket Council.
Category:Cricket formats